克氏原螯虾烂尾病的病原分离鉴定及药敏试验
Isolation, identification, and drug sensitivity testing of the pathogen responsible for the tail rot disease in Procambarus clarkii
目的 探究引起贵州某养殖场克氏原螯虾烂尾病的致病原和药敏特征,为克氏原螯虾烂尾病的防控提供依据。 方法 2025年4月初,笔者从贵州省铜仁市某养殖场采集2只发病活虾,从2只病虾的肝胰腺和虾尾病变部位均分离获得可疑菌株,对其进行革兰氏染色。通过PCR法扩增16S rRNA基因序列并进行测序分析,通过药敏试验测定分离菌株对常见抗生素的耐药性。 结果 从病虾的肝胰腺和虾尾病变部位分离到的菌株在TSA培养基表面形态一致,均为白色圆形菌落;革兰氏染色均为单个分散或成对排列的短杆状革兰氏阴性菌。16S rRNA基因测序结果发现,2株分离菌与已知弗氏柠檬酸杆菌相似性最高,均超过99.6%。药敏试验结果显示,分离菌对头孢哌酮、头孢他啶、卡那霉素和四环素耐药,对氨苄西林、羧苄西林、头孢曲松、庆大霉素、新霉素和多西环素敏感。 结论 从该场病虾组织中分离获得弗氏柠檬酸杆菌,分离菌对部分抗生素敏感。
Objectives The pathogen and characteristics of antibiotic resistance of tail rot disease in Procambarus clarkii in a farm in Guizhou were studied to provide a basis for the prevention and control of tail rot disease in Procambarus clarkii. Methods The suspicious strains of bacteria were isolated from the lesion sites of the hepatopancreas and tails of 2 live shrimp with tail rot disease collected from a farm in Tongren City, Guizhou Province in early April 2025, and subjected to Gram staining. The sequences of 16S rRNA gene were amplified with PCR to be sequenced and analyzed. Drug sensitivity testing was used to determine the resistance of isolated strains to common antibiotics. Results The strains isolated from the lesion sites of the hepatopancreas and tails of shrimp with tail rot disease had consistent colony morphology on the surface of TSA medium, all forming white circular colonies. All were short rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, either individually dispersed or arranged in pairs. Two strains isolated had the highest similarity to C.freundii, exceeding 99.6%. The strains isolated were resistant to cefoperazone, ceftazidime, kanamycin, and tetracycline and sensitive to ampicillin, carbenicillin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, neomycin, and doxycycline. Conclusions C.freundii is isolated from the tissues of the diseased shrimp in this farm, and the isolated strains are sensitive to some antibiotics.
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