不同蛋白水平日粮对西门塔尔牛养殖效果的影响
Effects of diets with different level of protein on the farming performance of Simmental cattle
目的 为科学制定肉牛阶段性育肥饲粮配方,明确不同蛋白水平日粮对西门塔尔生产性能和养殖效益的影响。 方法 选择体重(400±8.5)kg、月龄相近的健康西门塔尔牛60头,随机分为3组,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,每组20头,分别饲喂粗蛋白水平为11.94%、12.76%、13.48%的日粮,测定其生产性能、养分表观消化率和饲养成本。 结果 对于总增重,Ⅱ组比Ⅲ组、Ⅰ组分别增加7.2 kg和19.75 g,差异显著(P<0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的平均日增重分别为1.12、1.34和1.26 kg,差异显著(P<0.05);平均日采食量Ⅱ组比Ⅲ组、Ⅰ组分别提高5.4%和9.0%,且Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组差异显著(P<0.05);料重比Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别比Ⅰ组降低8.86%和8.07%,差异显著(P<0.05)。各组的NDF、ADF、DM、CP、Ca、P表观消化率随着日粮蛋白水平的不同而略有变化,但组间差异都不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅱ组的日均收益最高(12.16元),较Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组的分别提高2.73和2.08元。 结论 在本试验条件下,日粮粗蛋白水平在12.76%时,西门塔尔牛生长性能最佳、饲养成本低、养殖效益较好。
Objectives The effects of diets with different level of protein on the production performance and farming benefits of Simmental cattle were studied to scientifically formulate stage-specific fattening diet formulas for beef cattle. Methods 60 healthy Simmental cattle with a weight of (400±8.5) kg and similar age were randomly divided into three groups including Group Ⅰ, Group Ⅱ, and Group Ⅲ, with 20 cattle in each group, fed diet with the level of crude protein of 11.94%, 12.76%, and 13.48% to measure its production performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, and cost of feeding. Results The total weight gain in Group Ⅱ increased by 7.2 kg and 19.75 g compared to that in Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅰ, with significant differences (P<0.05). The average daily weight gain in group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ was 1.12, 1.34, and 1.26 kg, respectively, with significant differences (P<0.05). The average daily feed intake in Group Ⅱ increased by 5.4% and 9.0% compared to that in Group Ⅲ and Ⅰ, with a significant difference between Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ(P<0.05). The feed-to-weight ratio in Groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ decreased by 8.86% and 8.07% compared to that in Group Ⅰ, with significant differences(P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of NDF, ADF, DM, CP, Ca, and P in each group varied slightly with different levels of dietary protein, but the differences between groups were not significant (P>0.05). The average daily income of Group Ⅱ was the highest (12.16 yuan), increased by 2.73 yuan and 2.08 yuan compared to that of Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅲ, respectively. Conclusions The optimal growth performance, low cost of feeding, and good farming benefit of Simmental cattle were achieved when the level of dietary crude protein was 12.76% under the conditions of this experiment.
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甘肃省科技计划资助(25CXNH023)
甘肃武威国家农业科技园区2025年度科研项目(WNKY2025QY007)
甘肃省科技计划资助(24CXNH013)
古浪县2024年度民生科技项目(GL2024MSX43)
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