阶梯式取食丰容对圈养亚洲小爪水獭行为及健康的影响
赵宇 , 叶彩群 , 李毅苑 , 区梓涛 , 胡玉婵 , 邱甜艳
养殖与饲料 ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (02) : 23 -27.
阶梯式取食丰容对圈养亚洲小爪水獭行为及健康的影响
Effects of stepwise feeding enrichment on the behavior and health of captive Asian small-clawed otters
目的 研究阶梯式悬挂取食丰容对亚洲小爪水獭行为表现和体重控制的改善效果,为小型鼬科动物精准管理提供量化依据。 方法 以1只雄性水獭为A组(丰容),1对未丰容水獭为B组(对照),采用ABA反转试验设计,全程42 d,记录乞食频次、取食时间、体重及游泳行为。 结果 A组乞食频次由10次/h降至(7.0±1.3)次/h(P<0.05),取食时间由5 min延长至12.4±2.1 min(P<0.05),体重下降0.95 kg;游泳行为每日频次增加3.2次,Cohen's d=2.60(大效应)。而对照B组各方面没有明显变化。 结论 阶梯式取食丰容可明显降低圈养亚洲小爪水獭的乞食频次,延长取食时间,控制体重并增加游泳行为,为小型鼬科动物精准管理提供了实践参考。
Objectives The effects of a stepwise suspended‐feeding enrichment on improving the behavioral welfare and weight management of captive Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus) were studied to provide a quantitative basis for precise management of small mustelids. Methods One male otter as enriched Group A and a pair of unenriched male and female as Group B (the control) were used to conduct an experiment with ABA reversal design of 42 d to record the frequency of begging, feeding time, weight, and spontaneous swimming behavior. Both groups were fed the same daily ration. Results The frequency of begging in Group A decreased from 10 times per hour to 7.0±1.3 times per hour(P<0.05), and the feeding time was extended from 5 minutes to 12.4±2.1 minutes(P<0.05), resulting in a weight loss of 0.95 kg and a 3.2 increase in daily swimming bouts(Cohen's d=2.60, large effect). There were no significant changes in Group B(the control). Conclusions Stepwise feeding enrichment can significantly reduce the frequency of begging, prolong feeding time, control weight, and increase swimming behavior of captive Aonyx cinereus,which provided a paradigm for the precise management of small mustelids.
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