宁夏隆德县2022—2024年肉牛布鲁氏菌病综合防控体系监测与分析
Monitoring and analysis of the comprehensive prevention and control system of Brucellosis in beef cattle in Longde County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2022-2024
目的 为了解宁夏隆德县牛布鲁氏菌病区域化综合防控模式的效果,进一步指导当地畜间布病区域净化实践工作。 方法 2022-2024年宁夏隆德县对规模化牛场空怀母牛采用S2株疫苗进行口服免疫,对散养户空怀母牛及犊牛采用A19株疫苗进行皮下注射免疫,开展年度全覆盖与季度重点抽检相结合的血清学监测,结合“年度普检+季度抽检”的动态监测,构建综合防控体系。 结果 全县肉牛布鲁氏菌病群体阳性率总体呈持续下降趋势。在规模场中,2023年所有受检样本抗体均为阴性,2024年CH1场出现7例的阳性个体,而CH2、CH3场仍保持阴性,规模场免疫配合生物安全措施成效显著,2024年仅个别场出现零星阳性,散养户中多数村庄阳性率得到控制。 结论 通过项目监测数据与分析,验证了“分类免疫+动态监测+区域联防”模式的有效性,为牛布鲁氏菌病的区域净化提供了实践经验。
Objectives The effectiveness of a regionalized comprehensive prevention and control model for bovine Brucellosis was evaluated to provide practical reference for promoting the regional elimination of Brucellosis in livestock. Methods S2 strain vaccine was orally administered to non‑pregnant cows in large-scale cattle farms in Longde County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, while the A19 strain vaccine was administered via subcutaneous injection to non‑pregnant cows and calves in backyard farms from 2022 to 2024. Serological surveillance combining with annual full‑coverage testing and quarterly targeted sampling was conducted. A system of comprehensive prevention and control was established through dynamic monitoring of annual general testing + quarterly sampling. Results The overall positive rate of Brucellosis in beef cattle in the county had a continuous downward trend. All samples tested were negative for antibodies in large-scale cattle farms in 2023. There were 7 positive individuals in CH1 farm, while CH2 and CH3 farms remained negative in 2024. The combination of immunization and biosafety measures in large-scale cattle farms achieved significant results, with only a few farms reported sporadic positive cases in 2024, and the positive rate in most villages with backyard farms was controlled. Conclusions The effectiveness of the "categorized vaccination + dynamic monitoring + regional joint prevention" model was verified through project monitoring data and analysis. It will provide practical experience for the regional elimination of bovine Brucellosis.
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