2023-2025年新疆部分规模化养殖场猪伪狂犬病抗体监测与分析
王华素 , 王震 , 陈强斌 , 赵艳梅 , 王宏伟 , 刘强 , 庞甜甜 , 窦立静
养殖与饲料 ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (03) : 75 -79.
2023-2025年新疆部分规模化养殖场猪伪狂犬病抗体监测与分析
Monitoring and analyzing antibodies against porcine pseudorabies in some large-scale pig farms in Xinjiang from 2023 to 2025
目的 了解新疆地区部分规模化养殖场猪伪狂犬病的免疫和野毒感染情况,以期提高养殖效率和生产效率。 方法 采集2023-2025年新疆10个规模化养猪场的8 400份血清样品进行ELISA检测,分析不同年份、场别、品种及性别间猪伪狂犬病gB和gE抗体的差异。 结果 2023-2025年新疆部分规模化养殖场样品中猪伪狂犬病gB抗体阳性率平均为89.13%,gE抗体阳性率平均为4.76%。各规模化养殖场PRV gB抗体阳性率为87.09%~92.02%,PRV gE抗体阳性率为1.65%~6.79%;对比长白猪、杜洛克猪、约克猪3个品种间gB和gE抗体阳性率发现,长白猪的gB抗体阳性率最高(89.89%)、gE抗体阳性率最低(4.67%)。而公、母猪的gB抗体阳性率分别为88.82%和89.34%,gE抗体阳性率分别为4.82%和4.72%。 结论 2023-2025年新疆猪伪狂犬病的免疫效果符合国家规定疫苗免疫阳性率的要求(≥70%),且逐年向好;野毒感染保持在较低水平;相较于杜洛克猪和约克猪,长白猪的猪伪狂犬病免疫效果和抗野毒感染能力略高,但与猪的性别无显著关系。
Objectives The status of immunization and infection with wild virus of pseudorabies in some large-scale pig farms in Xinjiang was investigated to improve the efficiency of farming and production. Methods Samples of serum from 8 400 pigs were collected from 10 large-scale pig farms in Xinjiang from 2023 to 2025 for detection via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The difference in the level of gB and gE antibody against porcine pseudorabies among different years, fields, breeds, and genders were analyzed. Results The average positive rate of gB and gE antibody against porcine pseudorabies in samples from selected farms in Xinjiang from 2023 to 2025 was 89.13% and 4.76%, respectively. The positive rate of PRV gB antibodies and PRV gE antibodies in various large-scale pig farms ranged from 87.09% to 92.02% and 1.65% to 6.79%, respectively. Landrace pigs had the highest positive rate of gB antibodies (89.89%) and the lowest positive rate of gE antibodies (4.67%) among the positive rate of gB and gE antibodies in three breeds of Landrace pigs, Duroc pigs, and Yorkshire pigs. The positive rate of gB antibodies in male and female pigs was 88.82% and 89.34%, and the positive rate of gE antibodies was 4.82% and 4.72%, respectively. Conclusions The effect of immunizing pseudorabies in Xinjiang pigs met the national regulations for vaccine immunization positive rates (≥70%), and improved year by year from 2023 to 2025. The infection with wild virus remained at a low level. Landrace pigs had slightly higher immunity and resistance to wild-type pseudorabies compared to Duroc and Yorkshire pigs, with no significant gender-related difference.
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