2023-2025年贵州省安顺市羊小反刍兽疫免疫抗体监测与分析
Monitoring and analysis of antibodies against peste des petits ruminants in sheep in Anshun City, Guizhou Province from 2023 to 2025
目的 科学评估贵州省安顺市羊的小反刍兽疫(peste des petits ruminants,PPR)免疫状况,进一步开展好羊的PPR防控工作。 方法 2023-2025年,采集全市193个养殖场(户)的3 318份羊血清样品,采用ELISA抗体检测试剂盒进行PPR免疫抗体检测,计算样品抗体合格率和养殖场(户)免疫合格率,并分析免疫季节和养殖模式对免疫效果的影响。 结果 2023-2025年羊的PPR免疫抗体合格率分别为90.85%、87.02%、77.95%,呈现逐年降低趋势;PPR免疫抗体总体合格率为84.93%,场(户)合格率为88.60%。规模羊场的PPR免疫抗体合格率为88.93%,高于散养户的80.92%;春季免疫羊的PPR抗体合格率为85.36%,高于秋季的84.54%,以上差异均不显著。 结论 2023-2025年安顺市羊的PPR免疫抗体合格率满足农业农村部要求(≥70%),达到了预期的免疫效果。但合格率逐年递减,未来需加强对相关人员的防疫培训,提升防控意识及技术水平,夯实防疫基础,筑牢羊的PPR防疫防线。
Objectives The immune status of sheep against the peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Anshun City, Guizhou Province was scientifically evaluated to further carry out effective prevention and control of PPR in sheep. Methods 3 318 serum samples of sheep were collected from 193 farms (households) in Anshun City, Guizhou Province from 2023 to 2025. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody detection kit was used to detect immune antibody against PPR. The qualified rate of antibody in samples and the qualified rate of immunization in farms (households) were calculated. The effects of the immunization season and farming mode on the effectiveness of immunization were analyzed. Results The qualified rate of immune antibodies against PPR in sheep from 2023 to 2025 was 90.85%, 87.02%, and 77.95%, respectively, with a decreasing trend year by year. The overall qualified rate of immune antibodies against PPR in sheep was 84.93%, and the qualified rate of immunization in farms (households) was 88.60%. The qualified rate of immunization antibody against PPR in large-scale sheep farms was 88.93%, higher than that in scattered households (80.92%). The qualified rate of immunization antibody against PPR in sheep immunized in spring was 85.36%, higher than that immunized in autumn (84.54%), but the differences were not significant. Conclusions The qualified rate of immunization antibody against PPR in sheep in Anshun City from 2023 to 2025 met the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (≥70%), achieving the expected effect of immunization. However, the qualified rate of immunization antibody against PPR in sheep has been decreasing year by year. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the training of relevant personnel on epidemic prevention, enhance their level of awareness and technique on epidemic prevention, consolidate the foundation of epidemic prevention, and build a solid epidemic prevention line against PPR in sheep.
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