16S rRNA基因在3只华南兔残体鉴定上的应用
刘继华 , 王坤 , 李鑫 , 邹梅 , 张华伟 , 张斌 , 杨志兵 , 陈海龙
养殖与饲料 ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (06) : 46 -51.
16S rRNA基因在3只华南兔残体鉴定上的应用
Identifying remains of three Lepus sinensis with sequencing 16S rRNA gene
目的 解决野生动物涉案残体的物种鉴定难题,为野生动物司法鉴定提供标准化技术参考。 方法 本研究以2023年12月河南省辉县市石头乡贩卖野兔案的3个动物残体样本为对象,采用线粒体16S rRNA基因序列分析技术,通过DNA提取、PCR扩增、测序及序列比对,结合遗传距离分析与系统发育树构建,对样本物种进行鉴定。 结果 3个野兔样本与华南兔(Lepus sinensis)的16S rRNA基因序列相似度达98%以上,系统发育树中聚为一支且支持率为98%,明确判定涉案物种为华南兔。依据相关标准核算,涉案金额为240元。 结论 本研究采用线粒体16S rRNA基因序列分析技术,对华南兔残体样本进行了准确、有效的物种鉴定,说明此技术在野生动物残体司法鉴定中具备可行性。
Objectives To address the problems of identifying species of wild animal remains involved in legal cases, and to provide standardized technical references for wildlife forensic identification. Methods The 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze 3 samples of animal remains from a wild hare trafficking case in Shitou Township, Huixian City, Henan Province in December 2023. The species of the samples were identified via DNA extraction, PCR amplification, sequencing, sequence alignment, combined with analyzing genetic distance and constructing phylogenetic trees. Results The similarity between the sequences of 16S rRNA gene in the 3 wild hare samples and Lepus sinensis was over 98%, and clustered into one branch in the phylogenetic tree with a support rate of 98%. The species of the 3 samples was clearly identified to be Lepus sinensis. The amount of money involved in the case was calculated to be 240 RMB according to relevant standards. Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to accurately and effectively identify species from remains of Lepus sinensis in this study, indicating that this technology is feasible for forensic identification of wildlife remains.
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