过瘤胃氨基酸调控对肉牛肌内脂肪沉积及肉品质的影响
Effects of regulating rumen amino acids on the deposition of intramuscular fat and meat quality in beef cattle
目的 为探究过瘤胃赖氨酸(RP-Lys)与过瘤胃蛋氨酸(RP-Met)协同调控对西门塔尔杂交肉牛肌内脂肪(IMF)沉积及肉品质的影响,为肉牛精准营养调控技术优化提供科学依据。 方法 选取320±20 kg、健康的西门塔尔杂交育肥牛60头,随机分为4组:对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加20 g/(头·d)RP-Lys、10 g/(头·d) RP-Met、20 g/(头·d) RP-Lys+10 g/(头·d) RP-Met,每组15头,育肥周期120 d。测定各组肉牛生长性能、IMF含量、肉品质指标(嫩度、肉色、持水力)及脂肪酸组成。 结果 试验Ⅲ组肉牛平均日增重较对照组提高19.3%(P<0.05),料重比降低10.5%(P<0.05);背最长肌IMF含量达4.2%,较对照组提升48.4%(P<0.01),大理石花纹评分提高1.2级;剪切力值降低21.4%(P<0.05),红度值(a*)提升19.3%(P<0.05),滴水损失率降低23.3%(P<0.05);共轭亚油酸(CLA)含量较对照组提高35.7%(P<0.05),饱和脂肪酸占比降低8.9%(P<0.05)。 结论 过瘤胃赖氨酸与蛋氨酸协同添加可促进IMF沉积与优质脂肪酸合成,显著改善肉牛生长性能与肉品质,其中20 g/(头·d) RP-Lys+10g/(头·d) RP-Met的组合适配本地饲草资源与肉牛品种特性,应用效果最优。
Objectives The effects of the synergistic regulation of rumen-protected lysine (RP-Lys) and rumen-protected methionine (RP-Met) on the deposition of intramuscular fat (IMF) and meat quality in Simmental crossbred beef cattle were studied to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the precision nutrition regulation technology for beef cattle. Methods 60 healthy Simmental crossbred fattening cattle with a body weight of 320±20 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 15 heads per group, followed by a 120-day period of fattening. The control group was fed a basal diet alone, whereas experimental group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were supplemented with 20 g/head·d RP-Lys, 10 g/head·d RP-Met, and a mixture of 20 g/head·d RP-Lys and 10 g/head·d RP-Met in the basal diet, respectively. The growth performance, content of IMF, indexes of meat quality including the tenderness, meat color, water holding capacity and fatty acid composition in beef cattle in each group were determined. Results The average daily gain of beef cattle in experimental group Ⅲ increased by 19.3% (P<0.05) compared with that in the control group, and the feed conversion ratio decreased by 10.5% (P<0.05). The content of IMF in the longissimus dorsi muscle reached 4.2%, 48.4% higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), and the marbling score increased by 1.2 grades. The shear force value decreased by 21.4% (P<0.05), the redness value (a*) increased by 19.3% (P<0.05), and the drip loss rate decreased by 23.3% (P<0.05). The content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was 35.7% higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), while the proportion of saturated fatty acids decreased by 8.9%(P<0.05). Conclusions The synergistic addition of RP-Lys and RP-Met can promote deposition of IMF and the synthesis of high-quality fatty acids, thereby significantly improving the growth performance and meat quality of beef cattle. The combination of 20 g/head·d RP-Lys and 10 g/head·d RP-Met is compatible with local forage resources and the characteristics of beef cattle breed, and has the best effect of application.
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甘肃省科技计划资助-科技特派员(团)专项(24CXNH013)
2026年度甘肃武威国家农业科技园区项目(WNKY2026KY008)
武威市2024年科技计划B类项目(WW24B01NY066)
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