不同光照强度对断奶、妊娠母猪繁殖性能及血清指标的影响
杨跃奎 , 张孝杰 , 杨坤 , 雷云峰 , 陶璇 , 曾凯 , 陈晓晖 , 龚建军
养殖与饲料 ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (06) : 67 -70.
不同光照强度对断奶、妊娠母猪繁殖性能及血清指标的影响
Effects of light intensity on the reproduction performance and indexes in serum of weaned sows and pregnant sows
目的 探究适合密闭猪舍的光照强度参数,为现代规模化、大跨度妊娠猪舍的光照控制方案提供科学依据。 方法 选择24头2~4胎断奶的川乡黑猪母猪,按光照强度50、100、150、200 lx水平平均分为4组,每组6头,分别在母猪断奶、发情配种、妊娠1个月和妊娠3个月耳静脉采血,测定血清中褪黑素、LH、维生素D、钙、磷含量,记录每个组别母猪繁殖性能及下一胎的发情间隔。 结果 光照强度影响经产母猪的发情间隔、繁殖性能和促进钙磷吸收,150 lx在光照时间16L∶8D的节律下能够降低血清褪黑素含量,维持LH含量在较高水平,减小血液中钙磷含量变化幅度,有效缩短发情间隔1 d以上,对母猪产仔数影响差异不显著,但是明显提高产活仔数。 结论 推荐在密闭式妊娠猪舍使用的适宜光照强度为150 lx,节律为16L∶8D。
Objectives The parameters of light intensity suitable for enclosed pig houses were studied to provide a scientific basis for schemes of lighting control in modern pig houses with large-scale, long-span gestation. Methods 24 Sichuan Black sows aged 2-4 litters at weaning were divided into 4 groups with an average of 6 sows per group based on the light intensity of 50 lx, 100 lx, 150 lx, and 200 lx. Samples of blood were collected at weaning, estrus and mating, 1 month postpartum, and 3 months postpartum via ear venipuncture to determine the content of melatonin, LH, Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus in serum. The reproduction performance of sows in each group and the estrus interval for their subsequent litters was recorded. Results The light intensity affected the estrus interval, reproduction performance, and calcium-phosphorus absorption of multiparous sows. 150 lx reduced the content of melatonin in serum under a 16L:8D light-dark cycle, maintained the content of LH at a relatively high level, minimized fluctuations in the content of calcium and phosphorus in serum, effectively shorten the estrus interval by more than 1 day, had no significant effect on the number of piglets born, but significantly increased the number of live piglets. Conclusions The recommended light intensity suitable for enclosed gestation pig houses is 150 lx with a rhythm of 16L: 8D.
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