云南桑枝条的营养成分与饲用价值分析
沙茜 , 王从文 , 赵林艳 , 杨军 , 陈娜 , 陈小巧 , 段新慧 , 亐开兴
养殖与饲料 ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (08) : 13 -18.
云南桑枝条的营养成分与饲用价值分析
The nutritional components and feed value of mulberry twigs in Yunnan Province
目的 比较云南省桑枝条的营养成分和饲用价值,评价桑枝条作为非饲料粮资源的可利用潜力。 方法 2024年4月在云南省大姚县石羊镇采集秋后收获的桑枝条、蚕沙、剩料与春季桑园桑叶、桑条等各类产物,对12种原材料进行常规营养成分测定,结合其相对饲喂价值(RFV)和粗饲料评定指数(GI)进行综合评价。 结果 桑叶、蚕沙、剩料和桑叶全株4种原料都具有较高的粗蛋白质含量(>15%)和RFV(>130),而干枝桑枝条的粗蛋白质含量偏低,在4.52%~7.71%,RFV在45.93~84.44,利用价值较低,去皮的桑枝条利用价值也很差,木质化程度较高(P<0.01)。12种原材料的粗蛋白质含量由高到低为:桑叶>蚕沙>剩料>桑叶全株(鲜绿)>桑枝条皮(鲜绿)>桑枝嫩枝条(鲜绿)>桑枝条尖(干枝)>桑枝条皮(干枝)>桑枝条1(干枝带皮)>桑枝条糠(干枝)>桑枝条(去皮、鲜绿)>桑枝条2(干枝带皮);RFV由高到低依次为:桑叶>蚕沙>剩料>桑枝条皮(鲜绿)>桑叶全株(鲜绿)>桑枝嫩枝条(鲜绿)>桑枝条尖(干枝)>桑枝条皮(干枝)>桑枝条糠(干枝)>桑枝条1(干枝带皮)>桑枝条2(干枝带皮)>桑枝条(去皮、鲜绿);GI由高到低依次为桑叶>蚕沙>剩料>桑叶全株(鲜绿)>桑枝条皮(鲜绿)>桑枝嫩枝条(鲜绿)>桑枝条尖(干枝)>桑枝条皮(干枝)>桑枝条糠(干枝)>桑枝条1(干枝带皮)>桑枝条2(干枝带皮)>桑枝条(去皮、鲜绿)。 结论 桑叶和蚕沙的饲喂价值最高,而桑枝条的饲喂价值较低。去皮后主要剩下木质化树枝,饲料利用价值最低。
Objectives The nutritional components and feed value of mulberry twigs in Yunnan Province were compare to evaluate the potential utilization of mulberry twigs in Yunnan Province as the resource of non-feed grain. Methods Various products including mulberry twigs, silkworm excrement, feeding residuals harvested after autumn, and the leaves and stems of mulberry from mulberry gardens in spring in Shiyang Town, Dayao County,Yunnan Province were collected to determine the routine nutritional components and conduct a comparative evaluation based on the relative feed value(RFV) and the grading index(GI) of roughage in April 2024. Results 4 raw materials including mulberry leaves, silkworm excrement,feeding residuals,and whole-plant mulberry had higher content of crude protein(>15%) and RFV(>130),while the content of crude protein in dried mulberry twigs was relatively low, ranging from 4.52% to 7.71%, and the RFV ranging from 45.93 to 84.44,indicating that the utilization value is lower(P<0.01). The utilization value of peeled mulberry twigs was poor due to its higher degree of lignification.The content of crude protein in the 12 raw materials was in the decreasing order of mulberry leaves>silkworm excrement>feeding residuals>whole-plant mulberry(fresh)>skin of mulberry twig (fresh)>tender mulberry twigs (fresh)>tips of mulberry twig (dried)>skin of mulberry twig (dried)>mulberry twig 1 (dried twigs with skin)>bran of mulberry twig (dried)>mulberry twigs (peeled and fresh)>mulberry twig 2 (dried twigs with skin). The RFV was in the decreasing order of mulberry leaves>silkworm excrement>feeding residuals>skin of mulberry twig (fresh)>whole-plant of mulberry(fresh)>tender mulberry twigs (fresh)>tips of mulberry twig (dried)>skin of mulberry twig (dried)>bran of mulberry twig (dried)>mulberry twig 1 (dried twig s with skin)>mulberry twig 2 (dried twig s with skin)>mulberry twigs (peeled and fresh). The GI was in the decreasing order of mulberry leaves>silkworm excrement>feeding residuals>whole-plant of mulberry (fresh)>skin of mulberry twig (fresh)>tender mulberry twigs (fresh)>tips of mulberry twig (dried )>skin of mulberry twig (dried)>bran of mulberry twig (dried)>mulberry twig 1(dried twigs with skin)>mulberry twig 2 (dried twigs with skin)>mulberry twigs (peeled and fresh). Conclusions The feed value of mulberry leaves and silkworm excrement was the highest, while that of mulberry twigs was lower. The mainly lignified twigs remained after peeling have the lowest value of utilization. It will provide an important guidance for the utilization of mulberry twigs as feed.
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云南省重大科技专项(202502AE090060)
云南省科技计划项目(202403AK140055)
兴楚科技领军人才计划项目(CXKJLJRC2023-07)
云南省亐开兴专家基层科研工作站
楚雄师范学院-楚雄州科学技术局联合专项(cxzc2025053)
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