克氏原螯虾-莲藕混养模式下水质调控与养殖效益研究
The regulation of water quality and aquaculture benefits under the polyculture mode of crayfish and lotus root
目的 探究克氏原螯虾-莲藕混养模式下的水质变化及调控技术,评估该模式的养殖效益。 方法 在江苏省里下河地区开展为期9个月(2025年3-11月)的田间对比试验,试验总面积约1.0 hm²,共设藕虾混养组(A组)、莲藕单作组(B组)、克氏原螯虾单养组(C组)3个处理,每组3个重复,共9个试验小区,小区面积均为800 m²。定期监测水体pH、溶解氧(DO)等水质指标,分析水质变化;记录克氏原螯虾生长性能和莲藕产量,测算每公顷产值、成本及利润。 结果 藕虾混养模式下,水体氨氮、亚硝酸盐和总磷含量低于单作对照组,混养组溶解氧保持在5.0 mg/L以上;克氏原螯虾每公顷产量为1 297.5 kg,莲藕每公顷产量为24 750 kg,较单作模式增产8.2%;综合效益显示,藕虾混养模式每公顷产值为119 708.10元,每公顷利润为64 208.10元,化肥用量减少57.1%。 结论 在本试验条件下,藕虾混养模式通过种养协同作用改善水质环境,兼具经济与生态效益。
Objectives The dynamics and regulation techniques of water quality under the polyculture mode of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and lotus root were studied to evaluate its overall aquaculture benefits. Methods A field comparison experiment was conducted in the Linxia River Plain area in Jiangsu Province for a period of 9 months from March to November 2025. The total area experimented was approximately 1.0 hm². 3 treatments including the polyculture of crayfish and lotus root (group A), the mono-culture of lotus root (group B), and the mono-culture of crayfish (group C) were set up, with 3 replicates in each group. There was a total of 9 experimental plots, each with an area of 800 m². Parameters of water quality including the pH, DO, etc. were regularly monitored to analyze the changes in water quality. The growth performance of crayfish and the yield of lotus root were recorded to calculate the output value, cost, and profit per hectare. Results The content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and total phosphorus in water in group A was significantly reduced compared with that in group B and group C, and the dissolved oxygen in group A remained above 5.0 mg/L. The yield of crayfish and lotus root per hectare in group A was 1 297.5 kg and 24 750 kg, with an increase of 8.2% compared with that in group B and group C. The output value and profit per hectare in group A was 119 708.10 CNY/hm² and 64 208.10 CNY/hm², with a 57.1% reduction in fertilizer use. Conclusions The polyculture mode of crayfish and lotus root under the conditions of current experiment improves the water quality through the synergistic effect of planting and aquaculture, with both economic returns and ecological benefits.
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