陕北白绒山羊体重与体尺性状的相关性分析
Correlation between body weight and body size of northern Shaanxi white cashmere goats
目的 针对陕北白绒山羊体重与体尺性状,建立两性状间相关性的最优回归方程,为陕北白绒山羊的品种选育提供科学依据。 方法 2025年3-5月选取陕西榆林市横山区80个陕北白绒山羊养殖场户共计713只陕北白绒山羊(公羊61只,母羊652只),分别对其体重及体尺性状进行测定,运用相关分析和通径分析,构建回归方程。 结果 陕北白绒山羊体高、体斜长、胸围、胸深、胸宽、管围、荐高与体重均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),公羊体高(X1)与体重(Y)的相关性最高(r=0.570),母羊体斜长(X2)与体重(Y)的相关性最高(r=0.509);通径分析发现,公羊体高(X1)对体重的直接作用最大(r=0.435),荐高(X7)对体重的间接作用最大,为0.380,且主要通过体高(X1)起作用;母羊胸围(X3)对体重的直接作用最大(r=0.284),胸深(X4)对体重的间接作用最大,为0.199,且主要通过胸围(X3)起作用;公羊回归模型为Y=0.228X1+0.303X2+0.486X3(r=0.969,P<0.01),母羊回归模型为Y=0.264X1+0.446X2+0.206X3+0.178X4(r=0.942,P<0.01)。 结论 公羊体高和母羊胸围主要通过直接作用影响体重,公羊胸深和母羊体斜长主要通过间接作用影响体重。针对陕北白绒山羊体重的选育改良,需兼顾体高、胸围、胸深和体斜长等体尺性状的选择。
Objectives Through The correlation between body weight and body size of northern Shaanxi white cashmere goats was studied and the optimal regression equation between body weight and body size was established to provide a scientific basis for the breeding of northern Shaanxi white cashmere goats. Methods 713 northern Shaanxi white cashmere goats including 61 rams and 652 ewes from 80 northern Shaanxi white goat farms in Hengshan District, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province were used to measure the body weight and body size from March to May 2025. The regression equation was constructed with correlation analysis and path analysis. Results The body height, body length, chest circumference, chest depth, chest width, cannon circumference and recommended height of northern Shaanxi white cashmere goats were significantly positively correlated with the body weight(P<0.01). The correlation between body height (X1) and body weight (Y) of rams was the highest (r=0.570), and the correlation between body length (X2) and body weight (Y) of ewes was the highest (r=0.509). The direct effect of ram body height (X1) on body weight was the largest (r=0.435), and the indirect effect of recommendation height (X7) on body weight was the largest (0.380), which was mainly through body height (X1). The chest circumference (X3) of ewes had the greatest direct effect on body weight (r=0.284), and the chest depth (X4) had the greatest indirect effect on body weight (0.199), mainly through the chest circumference (X3). The regression model of rams was Y=0.228X1+0.303X2+0.486X3 (r=0.969, P<0.01), and the regression model of ewes was Y=0.264X1 + 0.446X2 + 0.206X3+0.178X4(r=0.942, P<0.01). Conclusions The body height of rams and the chest circumference of ewes mainly affected the body weight through direct effects, and the chest depth of rams and the body length of ewes mainly affected the body weight through indirect effects. The selection of body size including body height, chest circumference, chest depth and body length should be taken into account in the breeding and improvement of body weight of northern Shaanxi white cashmere goats.
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