A coordinated sliding mode-fuzzy control strategy for vehicle lateral, longitudinal, and vertical dynamics has been investigated in this work. A 14-degree-of-freedom full vehicle model incorporating a steering system and a semi-active suspension system was developed. A filtered white noise method was employed to establish a four-wheel random road excitation model. A sliding mode control system for the semi-active suspension was designed with ideal sky-hook damping as a reference; optimal damping coefficients were selected by traversing specific working conditions, and anti-chattering parameters were determined through Matlab/Simulink co-simulation. A sliding mode-fuzzy coordinated controller was established by introducing fuzzy control theory. The fuzzy controller, with vertical acceleration and pitch angular acceleration as inputs and suspension damping force fine-tuning as output, adjusted the sliding mode control output to achieve three-dimensional coordination. Simulations under both random and deterministic road conditions demonstrated that compared with passive suspension, the proposed strategy optimized vertical acceleration by 28.2%, pitch angular acceleration by 24.7%, longitudinal slip ratio by 19.4%, and lateral velocity by 23.5%.
在车辆横纵垂三向协调控制研究方面,Li等[9]基于 model predictive control(MPC)和分层控制策略提出一种新型三维动态稳定控制器(3DDSC),通过仿真实验验证了该控制器在兼顾车辆横向稳定性的同时也可以有效减缓车辆的侧倾运动,并将3个维度的动力学耦合关系纳入统一框架,解决了传统分控策略的协同滞后问题。Wang等[10]综合利用direct yaw moment control(DYC)、adaptive front-lighting system(AFS)、 active rear steering(ARS)提出一种全线控底盘协调控制方案,以提高车辆纵向、偏航和侧倾稳定性,实现转向、驱动、制动的全域线控协同控制,为底盘控制领域提供“软硬解耦”参考方案。Zhao等[11]提出一种基于MPC的新型分布式电动汽车纵、横、垂直一体化稳定性控制系统,利用CarSim和Matlab在多工况下进行了联合仿真,其俯仰角和横摆角与被动悬架相比优化达80%,然而MPC算法计算复杂度高,落地实车的开发难度大,难以进行实车实验。Zhao等[12]还提出一种电动车横向、纵向和垂向动态性能的分层控制系统,其中包括上层驾驶员控制层、中间层运动控制层和底层轮胎受力分配层,通过CarSim和 Matlab/Simulink 协同仿真验证了其控制策略对车辆道路跟踪能力和抑制车身姿态角具有良好的控制效果。
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