非饱和土电渗水分迁移研究
Research on Electro-osmotic Moisture Migration in Unsaturated Soil
考虑非饱和土体物理水文参数的非线性变化特性,通过COMSOL对非饱和土电渗方程组进行数值模拟,分析了电渗产生的孔隙水压力及水分迁移规律。结果表明:土体中水分在孔压差作用下由阳极向阴极定向迁移,饱和土电渗比非饱和土产生更大的孔隙水压力;非饱和土中阳极的体积含水率变化量与饱和水力渗透系数与饱和电渗透透系数比值成反比,与土体两端的电压成正比,因此电渗法更适用于细颗粒土的脱水硬化,工程应用中可通过逐级加压的方式提高土体排水效果,以减小电能的消耗;电极板与土体之间产生的界面电阻导致了阳极电势衰减,抑制了水分迁移效果。
Considering the nonlinear variation characteristics of the physical and hydrological parameters of unsaturated soil, numerical simulations of the electro-osmotic equations for unsaturated soil were conducted using COMSOL, and the pore water pressure generated by electro-osmosis and the laws of moisture migration were analyzed. The results show that the moisture in the soil migrates directionally from the anode to the cathode under the action of pore pressure difference, and the electro-osmosis in saturated soil generates greater pore water pressure than that in unsaturated soil. The variation in volumetric water content of the anode in unsaturated soil is inversely proportional to the ratio of the saturated hydraulic conductivity to the saturated electro-osmotic conductivity, and directly proportional to the voltage across the soil mass. Therefore, the electroosmosis method is more suitable for the dehydration and hardening of fine-grained soils. In engineering applications, the soil drainage effect can be improved by means of stepwise pressure increase to reduce electrical energy consumption. The interface resistance generated between the electrode plate and the soil mass causes the attenuation of the anode potential and inhibits the effect of water migration.
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