In order to explore the influential mechanism of multi-scale ride-hailing travel demand, the travel demand of ride-hailing are analyzed based on the multi-source data. Constructs a multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model with short and long distance ride-hailing travel demand as the dependent variable. The effects of built environmental attributes such as road network, land use, population density and public transportation on the demand for ride-hailing and their spatial heterogeneity were revealed. The model results show that the fit of the multi-scale geographical weighted regression model is better than the traditional geographical weighted regression (GWR) model and the ordinary least square (OLS) model, and the influential factors for ride-hailing travel demand have significant spatial heterogeneity. The primary roads density is positively correlated with the short-distance ride-hailing in the city center, and negatively correlated with long-distance ride-hailing in the city periphery. Population density is positively correlated with long-distance ride-hailing in the suburbs, and negatively correlated with the demand for short-distance ride-hailing in the central urban area. Short-distance ride-hailing competes with public transport in the urban centers, while long-distance ride-hailing complements the lack of public transport services around the city. The findings can not only dynamically optimize vehicle configuration and scheduling, but also promote the sustainable development of ride-hailing and shared mobility.
所需多源数据还包括研究区域的人口数据、路网数据和兴趣点(Point of interest,POI)数据。人口数据来自WorldPop发布的2016年中国人口栅格数据库(https:∥hub.worldpop.org/)。路网数据来源于OpenStreetMap的历史数据(https:∥www.openstreetmap.org/)。POI数据利用Python编写的网络爬虫法从高德地图开放平台获取(https:∥lbs.amap.com/)。为了给长短距离网约车出行需求的空间分析提供一个合理的尺度参考,在研究区域建立1 km×1 km的网格单元,通过地理信息系统(Geographic information system,GIS)将所处理的数据匹配至相应的网格单元[19]。
(3)长距离网约车出行需求影响因素及其空间异质性。休闲服务和地面公交在城市外围对长距离网约车出行需求具有显著影响,表明网约车作为从城市外围到城市中心的主要出行方式,有效地补充了城市外围公共交通的空白。为了满足郊区出行者长距离出行需求,建议通过价格激励政策鼓励网约车司机为城市外围地区的长距离出行者服务。此外,在城市周边的公交站附近建立停车换乘(park and ride)设施,以实现长距离网约车出行转向短距离网约车出行,这使得出行者可以更加快速到达公交站以实现长距离出行。同时,这也有利于缓解地铁站“最后一公里”和“第一公里”接驳问题。
ChenXi-qun. A survey of research on network-sharing travel [J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2021, 21(5): 77-90.
[3]
GehrkeS R, FelixA, ReardonT G. Substitution of ride-hailing services for more sustainable travel options in the greater Boston region[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2019, 2673(1): 438-446.
[4]
AcheampongR A, SiibaA, OkyereD K, et al. Mobility-on-demand: An empirical study of internet-based ride-hailing adoption factors, travel characteristics and mode substitution effects[J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2020, 115: 102638.
ZhongJun, LinYan, HangYu. Impact of ride-hailing service on use of public transport in China's cities [J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2020, 20(5): 234-239.
[7]
JavidM A, AbdullahM, AliN. Travellers' perceptions about ride-hailing services in Lahore: An extension of the theory of planned behavior[J]. Asian Transport Studies, 2022, 8: 100083.
YuanLiang, WuPei-xun. Study on the choice and influence factors of urban residents' selection of network-booking and taxis: Logistic analysis based on the survey data of Jiangsu province[J]. Soft Science, 2018, 32(4): 120-123.
[10]
HouY, GarikapatiV, WeiglD, et al. Factors influencing willingness to pool in ride-hailing trips[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2020, 2674(5): 419-429.
[11]
HuangG, QiaoS, YehA G O. Spatiotemporally heterogeneous willingness to ridesplitting and its relationship with the built environment: A case study in Chengdu, China[J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2021, 133: 103425.
[12]
BarajasJ M, BrownA. Not minding the gap: Does ride-hailing serve transit deserts?[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2021, 90: 102918.
[13]
ZhengZ, ZhangJ, ZhangL, et al. Understanding the impact of the built environment on ride-hailing from a spatio-temporal perspective: A fine-scale empirical study from China[J]. Cities, 2022, 126: 103706.
[14]
WangS, NolandR B. Variation in ride-hailing trips in Chengdu, China[J]. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2021, 90: 102596.
XuXin-yue, KongQing-xue, LiJian-min, et al. Analysis of spatio-temporal heterogeneity impact of built environment on rail transit passenger flow[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2023,23(4):194-202.
YinChao-ying, ShaoChun-fu, WangXiao-quan, et al. Influence of built environment on commuting mode choice considering spatial heterogeneity[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2020,50(2):543-548.
[19]
YuH, PengZ R. Exploring the spatial variation of ridesourcing demand and its relationship to built environment and socioeconomic factors with the geographically weighted Poisson regression[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2019, 75: 147-163.
MaShu-hong, LiaoGuo-mei, HuangYan, et al. Heterogeneity of built environment on commuter passenger flow of subway in traffic analysis zones[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54 (7): 1913-1922.
[22]
AnR, WuZ, TongZ, et al. How the built environment promotes public transportation in Wuhan: A multiscale geographically weighted regression analysis[J]. Travel Behaviour and Society, 2022, 29: 186-199.
LongXue-qin, ZhaoHuan, ZhouMeng, et al. Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the impact of built environment in Chengdu on online car-hailing passengers' pick-up points[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2022, 42(12): 2076-2084.
[25]
LiuX, GongL, GongY, et al. Revealing travel patterns and city structure with taxi trip data[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2015, 43: 78-90.
[26]
ChenC, FengT, DingC, et al. Examining the spatial-temporal relationship between urban built environment and taxi ridership: Results of a semi-parametric GWPR model[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2021, 96: 103172.
[27]
HayesA F, CaiL. Using heteroskedasticity-consistent standard error estimators in OLS regression: An introduction and software implementation[J]. Behavior Research Methods, 2007, 39: 709-722.
[28]
DuM, ChengL, LiX, et al. Spatial variation of ridesplitting adoption rate in Chicago[J]. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2022, 164: 13-37.
[29]
ThompsonE S, SaveynP, DeclercqM, et al. Characterisation of heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation in phase separating mixtures using Moran's I[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2018, 513: 180-187.
[30]
VandenbulckeG, DujardinC, ThomasI, et al. Cycle commuting in Belgium: Spatial determinants and 're-cycling'strategies[J]. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2011, 45(2): 118-137.
[31]
MoranP A P. Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena[J]. Biometrika, 1950, 37(1): 17-23.
[32]
BrunsdonC, FotheringhamA S, CharltonM E. Geographically weighted regression: A method for exploring spatial nonstationarity[J]. Geographical Analysis, 1996, 28: 281-298.