To address the problems of load imbalance, task delay, and increased energy consumption caused by limited device resources and complex task variations in mobile edge computing, a computing task offloading approach with delay and energy constraints for edge-cloud collaboration is proposed, inspired by the cooperative foraging search of sparrow populations. Firstly, adapting to mobile edge cloud collaboration, designing the flyer improved producer update, sine-cosine perturbed follower update, and adaptively adjusted alerter update, a multi-strategy improved sparrow search algorithm (MSSA) is proposed to optimize task offloading location. Then, considering the task maximum completion deadline and delay relaxation variables, incorporating the timeout penalty energy consumption, a heuristic task offloading with MSSA algorithm (HTMA) is proposed, which greedily compares the total task delay and total task energy consumption of pre-offloading location sets under different delay constraints to further optimize task offloading. Experimental results show that compared with similar algorithms, MSSA can improve the optimization accuracy, convergence speed, and robustness of location search. Moreover, HTMA adapts to network changes with better performance of average task completion delay, total task energy consumption, and node load balancing degree.
式中:为第j个麻雀d搜索维数在次迭代的觅食位置,类比在预卸载位置集j中任务d在次迭代的卸载位置;为(0,1)区间的随机数;为最大迭代数;Q为在[0,1]区间正态分布的随机数; L 为全1的1×n(d)矩阵;为在(0,1)区间均匀分布的随机数;为警戒阈值,位于[0.5,1]区间。当时,表示在麻雀当前位置没有天敌,将进行广泛搜索以探寻适应度值更优的位置。当时,表示麻雀已经察觉到天敌,将向安全区域靠拢,按正态分布随机移动到当前位置附近。
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