By establishing the prediction model for the highway infrastructure performance that considered the temporal variation of traffic status and the feedback model for traffic status that considered the decay of highway infrastructure performance, the mutual influence between the two was explored. By integrating the expression and storage of road network topology, the coupled simulation model was constructed. Using the variable step-size discrete event simulation method and Matlab Simulink for decoupling on PC platform, the coupled simulation of the highway infrastructure performance and traffic status was implemented. The application example demonstrates that the simulation model can predict highway infrastructure performance well, and the accuracy is higher than that of the traditional prediction without considering the coupling.
采用有限理性异质用户差异化路径选择机制,分类装载路段异质用户的交通流量,换算得到交通荷载指数标标准轴载当量次数(Equivalent single axle loads,ESAL)。简单的数值算例说明,这种交通分配模式适用于可变路网的交通荷载演变模拟。定义E为路段集,K为所有OD对W之间的路径集,交通分配问题可表述为:
图9为路网道路设施服役性能和交通状态耦合仿真模型基本结构。一方面,路网拓扑结构和道路设施服役性状等信息发布后,交通出行需求映射成路网交通荷载,预测路网道路设施服役性状。另一方面,道路设施服役性状下更新路段阻抗和路网拓扑结构,进而反作用于下一次交通出行需求路网流量的映射过程,构成一个动态闭环系统。如图9所示: OD 为交通需求矩阵;为路段e上的标准车当量数(Passenger car unit, PCU);ne 为路段e断面上的标准轴载当量次数ESAL;为路段e上的道路设施服役性能状态,Cap e 为路段e的实际通行能力,ce 为路段e的阻抗。
路网G运行状态仿真预测包括路网交通流量和道路设施服役性能两方面。考虑6号路段封闭施工影响,对封闭方向1~31号路段预测结果进行分析。分别以高峰小时交通量(Peak passenger car unit,PPCU)和路面行驶质量指数RQI为例,比较不考虑耦合的预测、耦合仿真预测的相对变化值。采用相对变化值是因为相对值可以消除初始值的影响,更直观地比较预测指标波动。
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