The impact of various external factors such as holidays, weather conditions, and epidemic prevention policies was considered in this paper, based on the passenger arrivals date at Beijing Capital International Airport between March 2021 and May 2023, and seven major high-speed railway stations from December 2021 to July 2023, a hybrib Transformer model integrating convolutional neural networks, long short-term memory networks is proposed for hab-to-station passenger flow prediction, analyzing the time-varying patterns of passenger flow volume at arrival stations under the influence of multiple factors. The empirical results reveal that the hybrib Transformer model outperforms conventional machine learning and deep learning models in prediction accuracy, achieving over 80% across all stations, and nearing 90% for six of them, this evidences the model's robust applicability.
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