1.School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China
2.Western Ministry of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering Research Center,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China
3.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability of Binhai Civil Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China
To enhance the durability of reinforced concrete through mix design, a whale optimization algorithm-back propagation neural network model with a topology structure of 6-14-2 is designed. The model dataset comprises 100 2 sets of data, with 60×2 sets used for model establishment and 40*2 sets for model validation. By comparing the predictive performance of the backpropagation neural network model with the whale optimization algorithm-back propagation neural network model, it is evident that the whale optimization algorithm significantly improves the predictive ability of the back propagation neural network model. The whale optimization algorithm-back propagation neural network model predicts the mean values of T1 performance indicators as follows: R2=0.90, RMSE=33.92, MAPE=0.06, MAE=27.31; the mean value of T2 performance indicators as follows: R2=0.90, RMSE=29.75, MAPE=0.04, MAE=23.81. Therefore, the whale optimization algorithm-back propagation neural network model can effectively predict the durability of reinforced concrete.
第三阶段是探索阶段,座头鲸根据彼此的位置随机搜索。搜索猎物的方法基于 A 向量的变化,为避免陷入局部最小值,使 A 的随机值>1或<-1来强制搜索代理,根据随机选择的鲸鱼位置来更新探索阶段中其他鲸鱼的位置,而不是根据迄今为止找到的最佳鲸鱼进行位置更新。该阶段强调探索并允许WOA进行全局搜索,数学模型如下:
AhmedA A, ShakouriM, TrejoD, et al. Effect of curing temperature and water-to-cement ratio on corrosion of steel in calcium aluminate cement concrete[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2022, 350: No.128875.
[2]
WangP, KeL Y W, WuH L, et al. Effects of water-to-cement ratio on the performance of concrete and embedded GFRP reinforcement[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2022, 351: No.128833.
[3]
LiangY, WangL. Effect of water‐to‐cement ratio on service life of reinforced concrete structures in chloride environment[J]. Structural Concrete, 2021, 22(5): 2748-2760.
[4]
KurdaR, SilvestreJ D, De BritoJ, et al. Optimizing recycled concrete containing high volume of fly ash in terms of the embodied energy and chloride ion resistance[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 194: 735-750.
[5]
QinY, GuanK, KouJ, et al. Durability evaluation and life prediction of fiber concrete with fly ash based on entropy weight method and grey theory[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2022, 327: No.126918.
[6]
YangR, YuR, ShuiZ, et al. Environmental and economical friendly ultra-high performance-concrete incorporating appropriate quarry-stone powders[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 260: No. 121112.
WangJia-chun, YanPei-yu. Probability of corrosion of steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete in marine environment[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2014,44(2): 352-357.
FengQiong, TianHao-zheng, QiaoHong-xia,et al. Deterioration law and equivalent relationship of reinforced concrete under natural exposure and salt spray accelerated environment[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023,53(12): 1-12.
[13]
Tien BuiD, AbdullahiM M, GharehS, et al. Fine-tuning of neural computing using whale optimization algorithm for predicting compressive strength of concrete[J]. Engineering with Computers, 2021, 37(1): 701-712.
[14]
ShiB, WangX, DongQ, et al. Voids prediction beneath cement concrete slabs using a FEM-ANN method[J]. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2023, 24(1): No.2191198.
MuRu. Durability and life prediction of concrete under the composite effect of freezing and thawing cycles with external bending stress and salt solution[D]. Nanjing:Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, 2000.
[17]
NianT, LiJ, LiP, et al. Method to predict the interlayer shear strength of asphalt pavement based on improved back propagation neural network[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2022, 351: No.128969.
[18]
GiergicznyZ. Fly ash and slag[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2019, 124: No.105826.
[19]
ScrivenerK L, JuillandP, MonteiroP J M. Advances in understanding hydration of Portland cement[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2015, 78: 38-56.
[20]
FarhanN A, SheikhM N, HadiM N S. Investigation of engineering properties of normal and high strength fly ash based geopolymer and alkali-activated slag concrete compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 196: 26-42.
[21]
MoropoulouA, PolikretiK, BakolasA, et al. Correlation of physicochemical and mechanical properties of historical mortars and classification by multivariate statistics[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2003, 33(6): 891-898.
[22]
ShamsabadiE A, RoshanN, HadighehS A, et al. Machine learning-based compressive strength modelling of concrete incorporating waste marble powder[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2022, 324: No.126592.
[23]
RahmaniE, KazemSharbatdar M, BeygiM H A. A comprehensive investigation into the effect of water to cement ratios and cement contents on the physical and mechanical properties of roller compacted concrete pavement(RCCP)[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 253: No.119177.
[24]
ŞahinR, DemirboğaR, UysalH, et al. The effects of different cement dosages, slumps and pumice aggregate ratios on the compressive strength and densities of concrete[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2003, 33(8): 1245-1249.
[25]
MeddahM S, ZitouniS, BelâabesS. Effect of content and particle size distribution of coarse aggregate on the compressive strength of concrete[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2010, 24(4): 505-512.
[26]
CetinA, CarrasquilloR L. High-performance concrete: Influence of coarse aggregates on mechanical properties[J]. Materials Journal, 1998, 95(3): 252-261.
[27]
HefniY, El ZaherY A, WahabM A. Influence of activation of fly ash on the mechanical properties of concrete[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 172: 728-734.
[28]
BarnettS J, SoutsosM N, MillardS G, et al. Strength development of mortars containing ground granulated blast-furnace slag: Effect of curing temperature and determination of apparent activation energies[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2006, 36(3): 434-440.
QuGuang-lei, YanZong-wei, ZhengMu-lian, et al. Prediction of porous concrete properties based on neural network and regression analysis[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(9): 1-13.