Aiming at the problem that existing methods mainly use a single modality of remote sensing images to solve the problem of low similarity of the same class, a remote sensing image classification method based on multimodal learning is proposed. Firstly, The spatial features of the image are corrected. The image encoder is pre-trained using contrastive learning to generate image features and text features are generated using text encoder. Secondly, a feature decoder is introduced to acquire text perception visual features, and a new attention mechanism approach is proposed in the feature fusion stage. Thirdly, a new image encoder is designed to improve the classification accuracy. Finally, the similarity between the support set and the query set is computed for further class prediction. Experiments are conducted on the NWPU-RESISC45, AID and UC Merced datasets. The 5-way 5-shot accuracies of 86.46%, 85.89%, and 80.32% respectively outperform existing methods in few-shot remote sensing image classification.
LiL, HanJ, YaoX, et al.DLA-MatchNet for few-shot remote sensing image scene classification[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2020, 59 (9): 7844-7853.
[2]
LiX, ShiD, DiaoX, et al.SCL-MLNet: boosting few-shot remote sensing scene classification via self-supervised contrastive learning[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021, 60: 1-12.
CuiLu, ZhangPeng, CheJin. A review of deep neural network based remote sensing image classification algorithms[J]. Computer Science,2018, 45(6): 50-53.
[5]
GongT, ZhengX, LuX.Meta self-supervised learning for distribution shifted few-shot scene classification[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2022, 19: 1-5.
[6]
YuanZ, TangC, YangA, et al.Few-shot remote sensing image scene classification based on metric learning and local descriptors[J].Remote Sensing,2023, 15 (3): No.831.
[7]
SnellJ, SwerskyK, ZemelR.Prototypical networks for few-shot learning[J].Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 2017, 30:No. 05175.
[8]
SungF, YangY, ZhangL, et al. Learning to compare: relation network for few-shot learning[C]∥Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Salt Lake City, USA, 2018: 1199-1208.
[9]
YeH J, HuH, ZhanD C, et al. Few-shot learning via embedding adaptation with set-to-set functions[C]∥Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Seattle,USA, 2020: 8808-8817.
[10]
ChengG, CaiL, LangC, et al.SPNet: Siamese-prototype network for few-shot remote sensing image scene classification[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2021, 60: 1-11.
[11]
ChengK, YangC, FanZ, et al. TeAw: Text-aware few-shot remote sensing image scene classification[C]∥IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing(ICASSP), Rhodes Island, Greece, 2023: 1-5.
[12]
KhoslaP, TeterwakP, WangC, et al.Supervised contrastive learning[J].Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 2020, 33: 18661-18673.
[13]
VaswaniA, ShazeerN, ParmarN, et al.Attention is all you need[J].Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 2017, 30: No. 03762.
[14]
RadfordA, KimJ W, HallacyC, et al. Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision[C]∥International Conference on Machine Learning, Jeju Island, Repubic of Korea, 2021: 8748-8763.
[15]
LiY, ZhuZ, YuJ-G, et al.Learning deep cross-modal embedding networks for zero-shot remote sensing image scene classification[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021, 59(12): 10590-10603.
[16]
HeK, ZhangX, RenS, et al. Deep residual learning for image recognition[C]∥Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Las Vegas, USA, 2016: 770-778.
[17]
TolstikhinI O, HoulsbyN, KolesnikovA, et al.Mlp-mixer: an all-mlp architecture for vision[J].Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems,2021, 34: 24261-24272.
[18]
ChengG, HanJ, LuX.Remote sensing image scene classification: benchmark and state of the art[J].Proceedings of the IEEE, 2017, 105 (10): 1865-1883.
[19]
XiaG S, HuJ, HuF, et al.AID: a benchmark data set for performance evaluation of aerial scene classification[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2017, 55(7): 3965-3981.
[20]
YangY, NewsamS. Bag-of-visual-words and spatial extensions for land-use classification[C]∥Proceedings of the 18th SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, San Jose, USA,2010: 270-279.
[21]
HuJ, ShenL, SunG. Squeeze-and-excitation networks[C]∥Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Salt Lake City, USA, 2018: 7132-7141.
[22]
WangQ, WuB, ZhuP, et al. ECA-Net: Efficient channel attention for deep convolutional neural networks[C]∥Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, Online, 2020: 11534-11542.
[23]
WooS, ParkJ, LeeJ-Y, et al. Cbam: Convolutional block attention module[C]∥Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision(ECCV), Glasgow, England, 2018: 3-19.
[24]
FuR, HuQ, DongX, et al.Axiom-based grad-cam: Towards accurate visualization and explanation of cnns[J/OL].[2023-10-11].2020