Due to the small size and low contrast of subcortical brain structures(such as the striatum)in medical images, their segmentation is challenging, making their application in automated medical diagnosis difficult,this article proposes a medical image segmentation network based on deep learning methods to segment the three parts of the striatum, namely the globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and putamen, in magnetic resonance imaging. The network model proposed in this article has the ability to capture global and local features and establish the correlation between global and local information, and effectively fuses deep semantic features and shallow detail features at different scales without degrading the depth, achieving accurate segmentation of the striatum. The model is validated on publicly available brain datasets and compared with other state-of-the-art methods. The model achieved dice similarity coefficient, average intersection ratio, and 95% Hausdorff distance are 94.26%, 90.94%, and 3.82 respectively, which are better than several other methods and have reached the advanced level. This shows that the model proposed in this article can improve the segmentation accuracy of the striatum and provide a basis for research on related diseases.
Del ReyN L G, García-CabezasM Á. Cytology, architecture, development, and connections of the primate striatum: hints for human pathology[J]. Neurobiology of Disease, 2023, 176: No. 105945.
[2]
CataldiS, StanleyA T, MiniaciM C, et al. Interpreting the role of the striatum during multiple phases of motor learning[J]. The FEBS Journal, 2022, 289(8): 2263-2281.
[3]
MätlikK, BaffutoM, KusL, et al. Cell-type-specific CAG repeat expansions and toxicity of mutant Huntingtin in human striatum and cerebellum[J]. Nature Genetics, 2024, 56: 383-394.
[4]
AfrasiabiM, RedinbaughM J, PhillipsJ M, et al. Consciousness depends on integration between parietal cortex, striatum, and thalamus[J]. Cell Systems, 2021, 12(4): 363-373.
[5]
BlumenstockS, DudanovaI. Cortical and striatal circuits in Huntington´s disease[J]. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020, 14: No. 82.
[6]
ValjentE, GangarossaG. The tail of the striatum: from anatomy to connectivity and function[J]. Trends in Neurosciences, 2021, 44(3): 203-214.
[7]
LiuX, SongL, LiuS, et al. A review of deep-learning-based medical image segmentation methods[J]. Sustainability, 2021, 13(3): No.1224.
LiuJin-zhen, GaoGuo-hui, XiongHui. Multi⁃scale attention network for brain tissue segmentation[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(2): 576-583.
[10]
JhaD, RieglerM A, JohansenD, et al. Doubleu-net: a deep convolutional neural network for medical image segmentation[C]∥IEEE 33rd International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS), Rochester, USA, 2020: 558-564.
[11]
LecunY, BottouL, BengioY, et al. Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1998, 86(11): 2278-2324.
[12]
LongJ, ShelhamerE, DarrellT. Fully convolutional networks for semantic segmentation[C]∥Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2015: 3431-3440.
[13]
RonnebergerO, FischerP, BroxT. U-net: convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation[C]∥ The 18th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, Munich, Germany, 2015: 234-241.
[14]
ChenL C, PapandreouG, KokkinosI, et al. Semantic image segmentation with deep convolutional nets and fully connected crfs[J/OL].[2023-11-22].
[15]
ChenL C, PapandreouG, KokkinosI, et al. Deeplab: semantic image segmentation with deep convolutional nets, atrous convolution, and fully connected crfs[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2017, 40(4): 834-848.
[16]
ChenL C, PapandreouG, SchroffF, et al. Rethinking atrous convolution for semantic image segmentation[J/OL].[2023-11-23].
[17]
ChenL C, ZhuY, PapandreouG, et al. Encoder-decoder with atrous separable convolution for semantic image segmentation[C]∥Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision(ECCV), Munich, Germany, 2018: 801-818.
[18]
SafavianN, BatouliS A H, OghabianM A. An automatic level set method for hippocampus segmentation in MR images[J]. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2020, 8(4): 400-410.
HuangHong, Rong-feiLü, TaoJun-li, et al. Segmentation of lung nodules in CT images using improved UNet++[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2021, 50(2):65-75.
[21]
QinD, BuJ J, LiuZ, et al. Efficient medical image segmentation based on knowledge distillation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 2021, 40(12): 3820-3831.
[22]
DosovitskiyA, BeyerL, KolesnikovA, et al. An image is worth 16x16 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale[J/OL].[2023-11-24].
[23]
VaswaniA, ShazeerN, ParmarN, et al. Attention is all you need[C]∥Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems,Long Beach California USA,2017: 6000-6010.
[24]
YeeE, MaD, PopuriK, et al. 3D hemisphere-based convolutional neural network for whole-brain MRI segmentation[J]. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 2022, 95: No.102000.
[25]
RamzanF, KhanM U G, IqbalS, et al. Volumetric segmentation of brain regions from MRI scans using 3D convolutional neural networks[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 103697-103709.
[26]
WuW, GaoL, DuanH, et al. Segmentation of pulmonary nodules in CT images based on 3D‐UNET combined with three‐dimensional conditional random field optimization[J]. Medical Physics, 2020, 47(9): 4054-4063.
[27]
YanH, ChenA. A novel improved brain tumor segmentation method using deep learning network[J].Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, 1944(1): No.012011.
[28]
LiZ, ZhangC, ZhangY, et al. CAN: context-assisted full attention network for brain tissue segmentation[J]. Medical Image Analysis, 2023, 85: No.102710.
[29]
XieY, ZhangJ, ShenC, et al. Cotr: efficiently bridging cnn and transformer for 3d medical image segmentation[C]∥The 24th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, Strasbourg, France,2021: 171-180.
[30]
ChenJ, LuY, YuQ, et al. Transunet: Transformers make strong encoders for medical image segmentation[J/OL].[2023-10-25].
[31]
LiZ, LiD, XuC, et al. TFCNs: a CNN-transformer hybrid network for medical image segmentation[C]∥International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks,Bristol, UK, 2022: 781-792.
[32]
WangK, ZhangX, ZhangX, et al. EANet: iterative edge attention network for medical image segmentation[J]. Pattern Recognition, 2022, 127: No.108636.