In the real-world positioning environment, observation stations are often set on mobile platforms, leading to measurement noise errors in the motion state information of the target to be measared as detected by the observation stations. These errors can affect the information received by the observation stations, thereby causing significant deviations in the estimation of the target source's position. To address this issue, a time-difference frequency-difference (TDOA/FDOA) multi-aircraft passive localization algorithm is proposed, which fusion the attention mechanism (AM), convolutional neural network (CNN), and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) netwrok under observation station parameter errors. Meanwhile, which integrates an improved two-step weighted least squares method and a CNN-BiLSTM-Attention model. By correcting measurement values and improving the issue of the estimation performance degradation of the two-step method in the presence of observation noise, the accuracy of localization is improved. The results of the simulation comparisons show that the algorithm proposed in this paper demonstrates good performance in the presence of observation noise.
TDOA/FDOA定位算法通过测量信号到达时间差和频率差,实现对物体位置和速度的估计。其本质是求解高度非线性的TDOA/FDOA方程组,两步加权最小二乘法(Two-stage weighted least squares,TSWLS)被用于求解TDOA/FDOA方程组。然而,传统的两步加权最小二乘法在处理TDOA/FDOA定位问题时存在局限性,因此需要对其进行改进[20]。
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