A research on urban passenger transportation planning algorithm based on location potential energy and multi-source data was proposed to address the problems of traffic congestion and resource waste caused by unreasonable layout and inappropriate scale of passenger transportation in some cities. Firstly, an appropriate method was selected to integrate urban passenger transportation multi-source data from the fusion of the original data level, feature data level, and transportation theory level. Then, based on the probability model of traffic distribution and the Furness model, a traffic distribution prediction model was constructed, introducing location potential energy to predict the distribution of passenger transportation trips between traffic analysis communities. Finally, a dual level planning model for urban passenger transportation was constructed, and an improved quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to solve it, in order to achieve urban passenger transportation planning. The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher scores than the comparison method in various evaluation indicators, with the highest score reaching 50.492. The highest congestion rate of vehicles is only 29%, which is practical.
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