The calculation methods for the direct shear carrying capacity of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) flat wet joints and keyed wet joints are investigated. By considering the construction and force-bearing characteristics of UHPC wet joints, a direct shear strength model for UHPC wet joints is proposed, which incorporates key factors such as interfacial cohesion, frictional resistance, aggregate interlock strength of keys, and fiber reinforcement contribution. Based on the results of direct shear tests on joint specimens and finite element simulation, linear regression analysis is conducted to determine the interfacial bond stress coefficient and friction coefficient. Through the derivation of the aggregate interlock strength of keys and the discussion on the fiber contribution, a formula for calculating the shear carrying capacity of UHPC wet joints is presented. Nine existing formulas for calculating the shear carrying capacity of UHPC wet joints are summarized, and the proposed direct shear carrying capacity calculation model is validated by comparing the predicted carrying capacity from the nine existing formulas with experimental values. The results indicate that with the increase in lateral confinement stress, the failure load of flat joints exhibits a nonlinear relationship; the ratio of the proposed formula to the experimental values has an average of 1.04, which is closer to 1 compared to the nine existing formulas, demonstrating superior prediction accuracy of the proposed formula. The verification of different experimental approaches on the shear carrying capacity calculation method for UHPC wet joints shows that the predicted values from the proposed direct shear carrying capacity calculation model align well with experimental values, thus proving the universality of the calculation method. This method can provide a reference for predicting the direct shear carrying capacity of UHPC keyed wet joint interfaces.
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