In order to improve the utilization efficiency of existing parking resources and reduce the traffic congestion, exhaust emissions and other problems caused by travelers' invalid parking space search behavior, a multi-objective nonlinear integer programming model for optimizing the allocation of parking resources was proposed. Firstly, based on the comprehensive consideration of user walking distance, parking fees, the balance of utilization of various parking lots in the area, and the additional traffic pressure attached to parking behaviors, the personal cost and social cost functions of parking allocation were established. Then, with the optimization objective of minimizing the comprehensive cost of the system, a multi-parking intelligent parking allocation model was constructed, and at the same time, considering the complexity of model solving, an improved Kepler optimization algorithm integrating multiple strategies was designed for model solving. Finally, in order to test the effectiveness of the model, numerical experiments under different parking supply and demand situations were designed, and the proposed model and algorithm were compared and analyzed with the classical allocation model and the traditional solution algorithms. The results show that the proposed model reduces the individual cost by 4.4% on average, and the balance of utilization of each parking lot is significantly improved. Meanwhile, the proposed model has obvious advantages in reducing the additional traffic pressure of the road network caused by parking groups, with a maximum reduction of 33.6% in the impedance growth rate of the road segment. Compared with traditional genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, the proposed improved Kepler optimization algorithm has faster convergence speed and a better ability to search for optimal solutions.
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