An image dehazing algorithm based on a pyramid structure with multi-scale detail enhancement and hierarchical noise suppression is proposed to address the issues of detail blur and noise amplification in existing algorithms. Firstly, a multi-scale detail enhancement algorithm is designed to weight and fuse multiple different exposure images generated by gamma correction, resulting in a fog image after detail enhancement, along with corresponding detail layer and fuzzy layer images, for enhancing the details of the restored image. Secondly, a non-local weighted average algorithm is constructed to optimize the initial transmittance estimated by prior dark direct attenuation, so as to reduce morphological artifacts, while the final transmittance is obtained using a small radius Weighted Guided Image Filter (WGIF). Finally, through the proposed multi-scale hierarchical noise suppression and fog removal algorithm, the fog-free image is restored while noise amplification is suppressed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can better suppress noise amplification, producing fog-free images with clear details, natural colors, and higher-quality sky region restoration. Furthermore, multiple objective evaluation metrics are significantly improved compared to those of current mainstream algorithms.
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