To pinpoint bottleneck sections in the port-city transportation network and delineate the physical boundaries between urban zones and port zones, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the port-city transportation network based on percolation theory. Firstly, the Van-Genuchten soil permeability model was applied to transportation research for the first time, formulating a road section seepage probability model tailored for port-city transportation networks. Secondly, based on actual port-city transportation network data and penetration model parameters, the bottleneck roads and periodic characteristics of the network were analyzed, which categorized the road network into three characteristic regions: urban, port, and fusion areas. Finally, an optimization strategy for the port-city transportation network based on the characteristics of zonal network is established. Results revealed that the partition optimization strategy consistently surpassed the overall optimization strategy, achieving a higher average critical threshold when enhancing bottleneck capacity by 5%-30%. Notably, the partition strategy demonstrated remarkable improvements even with a 5% capacity boost, whereas the overall strategy's benefits became evident only at a 15% increase. This paper offers theoretical guidance for alleviating traffic congestion in port-city regions and shaping effective regional traffic enhancement plans.
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