A one-dimensional transient model of a China VI diesel engine equipped with a diesel particulate filter (DPF) was developed using GT-Power. This study explores the effects of DPF on diesel engine transient characteristics under varying altitudes, specifically focusing on constant-speed, varying-torque scenarios. It also examines how changes in ash layer permeability impact engine transient performance and DPF operation, while optimizing the DPF substrate ratio and diameter range. The results show that the DPF reduces transient intake flow, torque, and thermal efficiency compared to the original engine, while increasing fuel consumption, particularly at high altitudes and in the later stages of constant-speed, increasing-torque conditions. Calcium-based ash has the most significant impact on transient characteristics. During the later stages of these conditions under varying altitudes, magnesium- and zinc-based ash cause a shift in DPF pressure drop. When the substrate ratio exceeds 1.2 and the substrate diameter exceeds 190 mm, the impact on additional fuel consumption stabilizes, although increased carbon loading intensifies this trend.
在恒转速1 800 r/min增扭矩、减扭矩工况下,一维热力学柴油机整机模型中进气流量、扭矩、燃油消耗率、NO x 、DPF压降试验值与模拟值对比如图2、图3所示(彩图参见电子版,以下同)。图2为恒转速增扭矩试验值与模拟值对比,负荷短时间内从25%上升到70%;图3为恒转速减扭矩试验值与模拟值对比,负荷短时间内从70%下降到25%。两种工况下柴油机瞬态进气流量、扭矩、燃油消耗率、NO x 排放、DPF压降试验值与模拟值整体趋势基本相同,误差均在5%以内,说明该恒转速增扭矩、减扭矩瞬态模型精度较高,满足后续方案的计算。
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