Accurate and real-time evaluation of the battery's state of health is the core of the battery management system in electric vehicles. This paper proposes a novel model for estimating the full charging time of lithium batteries. Firstly, utilizing the high estimation accuracy of the Unscented Kalman Filter for nonlinear problems, a dual Unscented Kalman Filter prediction correction framework with further improved accuracy is designed, which can accurately estimate the current full charge time of lithium batteries. Under this framework, the measurement equation of the Unscented Kalman Filter is linearly weighted using Gaussian Process Regression and Support Vector Regression prediction results. The experimental results show that the framework proposes in this paper has high accuracy and real-time performance, with an average relative error of 0.001 6 for estimating 180 full charge times. Compared with the EKF and DEKF based algorithms, the average relative error has reduced by 98.87% and 98.15%, respectively.
为同时解决SoH估计的精度和实时性问题,本文建立了双无迹卡尔曼滤波-高斯过程回归-支持向量回归(Dual unscented kalman filter-gaussian process regression and support vector regression,DUKF-GPR-SVR)框架。该框架通过融合先进的非线性状态估计技术和机器学习算法,实现了高精度和高效的SoH评估。首先,用一次全充数据训练融合的GPR和SVR模型,以确保这些模型能够捕捉到电池在完整充电周期中的复杂动态特性,为UKF的循环递推提供相应的输入值。然后,构建DUKF电池全充时间的实时评估框架,其中第一个UKF用于估计片段数据对应的全充时间,即使在不完整的充电过程中也能提供可靠的预测结果。第二个UKF用于实时修正当前循环次数下估计的全充时间,从而为下一次循环提供更为准确的状态初值,确保预测的连续性和稳定性。实验结果表明:本文算法短期和长期估计均表现出显著优势,平均绝对误差远远小于EKF-GPR和DEKF-WNN-WLSTM方法。此外,该算法在实时性方面也表现优异,能在短时间内完成复杂的计算任务,适用于需要快速响应的应用场景。
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