Using only the information of the last layer of BERT for prediction can result in the loss of some lexical, syntactic and semantic information of the text. Regarding this problem, this paper firstly puts forward the BERTGAT model based on BERT and graph attention networks (GAT). By making use of the hidden state matrices and attention matrices of multiple intermediate layers of BERT as the node feature matrices and adjacency matrices of the corresponding number of GAT respectively, and adopting a dynamic weighting strategy to weight different GAT layers, and then applying the activation function to determine the similarity between sentences. Secondly, to enable the BERTGAT model to better acquire the language representations between sentence pairs, the contrastive learning approach is introduced on the basis of the BERTGAT model to propose the BERTGAT-Contrastive model, which enhancing the model's ability to recognize semantic similarities among texts. Finally, through experiments conducted on the LCQMC and BQ datasets, the results indicate that the proposed model and its contrastive learning method are highly effective, with notable improvements in accuracy and F1 score.
XuRuo-qing. Medical question answering system integrating knowledge graph and semantic matching[J]. Modern Electronic Technique, 2019, 47(8): 49-54.
[3]
黄翔. 基于中心句语义相似度的信息检索方法研究[D].武汉: 华中师范大学计算机学院, 2021.
[4]
HuangXiang. Research on information retrieval method based on semantic similarity of topic sentences [D]. Wuhan: School of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, 2021.
YuJing, ShiJing-jing, LiuWen-hai. Article related recommendation algorithm based on text semantic matching[J]. Electronic Technology and Software Engineering, 2022(7): 206-211.
LiJia-xin. Research on text semantic matching method based on sequence model[D].Chongqing: School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2018.
WangNa-na. Research on image classification based on bag of words model[D]. Lanzhou:Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, 2018.
ZhangYing, Ai-ze-ziYasen, WuShun-xiang. A uyghur text similarity detection method using N-gram and semantic analysis[J]. Applied Research of Computers,2019, 36(9): 2722-2725, 2729.
YangMing. Research on document-level relation extraction for complex context[D].Dalian: School of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, 2023.
[15]
HuangP S, HeX, GaoJ, et al. Learning deep structured semantic models for web search using clickthrough data[C]∥Proceedings of the 22nd ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management, Francisco, USA, 2013: 2333-2338.
[16]
ShenY, HeX, GaoJ, et al. A latent semantic model with convolutional-pooling structure for information retrieval[C]∥Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, Shanghai, China, 2014: 101-110.
[17]
WangJ, LuoL, WangD. Research on Chinese short text classification based on Word2Vec[J]. Computer Systems & Applications, 2018, 27(5): 209-215.
XuWen-feng, YangYan, ZhangChun-feng. Deep text semantic matching model combining entity context features[J]. Journal of Wuhan University (Science Edition), 2019, 66(5): 483-494.
ZhangZhen-gang, YuChuan-ming. Research on text semantic matching model based on knowledge enhancemen[J]. Journal of Information Technology, 2024, 43(4): 416-429.
ZhaoYun-xiao, LiRu, LiXin-jie, et al. Text semantic matching model based on multiple knowledge of Chinese character phonology and tag embedding[J]. Journal of Chinese Information Processing, 2019,38(3): 42-55.
WangMing, LiTe, HuangDing-jiang. Text semantic matching based on multidimensional feature representation[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2022(5): 126-135.
ZhaoXiao-hu, ZhaoCheng-long. Knowledge base question answering system based on multi-feature Semantic matching[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2020, 40(7): 1873-1878.
[36]
XiaT, WangY, TianY, et al. Using prior knowledge to guide bert´s attention in semantic textual matching tasks[DB/OL].[2024-07-25].
[37]
WangZ Q, LiP, ZhangH, et al. Multi-passage BERT: a globally normalized BERT model for open-domain question answering[C]∥Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing(EMNLP-IJCNLP),Hong Kong, China, 2019: 4892-4903.
[38]
AlbertiC, LeeK, CollinsM, et al. A bert base-line for the natural questions[J/OL]. [2024-07-25]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.08634
ChenYue-lin, GaoZhu-cheng, CaiXiao-dong. Long text semantic matching model based on BERT and dense composite network[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54(1): 232-239.
WangQin-chen, DuanLi-guo, WangJun-shan, et al. Short text semantic matching strategy based on BERT sentence vector and differential attention[J]. Computer Engineering and Science, 2019, 46(7): 1321-1330.
[45]
JawaharG, SagotB, SeddahD. What does BERT learn about the structure of language?[C]∥ACL57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Florence, Italy, 2019: 729-739.
LiuX, ChenQ, DengC, et al. Lcqmc: a large-scale chinese question matching corpus[C]∥Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2018: 1952-1962.
[48]
ChenJ, ChenQ, LiuX, et al. The bq corpus: a large-scale domain-specific chinese corpus for sentence semantic equivalence identification[C]∥Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Brussels, Belgium, 2018: 4946-4951.
[49]
LaiY, FengY, YuX, et al. Lattice CNNS for matching based chinese question answering[C]∥Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Honolulu, USA, 2019: 6634-6641.
LiuDong-xu, DuanLi-guo, CuiJuan-juan, et al. A short text semantic matching strategy combining semantic similarity matrix and word vector[J]. Computer Science, 2024(12): 250-258.
[52]
ChenL, ZhaoY, LyuB, et al. Neural graph matching networks for Chinese short text matching[DB/OL]. [2024-07-26].
[53]
ZhangX, LiY, LuW, et al. Intra-correlation encoding for chinese sentence intention matching[DB/OL].[2024-07-27].