The vehicle micro-parameters are extracted based on TJRD TS (Tongji Road Trajectory Sharing Platform). The traffic risk index TRI (traffic risk index) was constructed based on aggressive driving behaviors, vehicle interaction risk, and speed variability analysis. A comprehensive risk assessment method for highway tunnel traffic based on the CRITIC-entropy weight method was proposed to explore the risk characteristics of different locations in the tunnel. Finally, the Apriori association algorithm was used to explore the association relationship between road sections, time periods, macro traffic parameters, micro speed parameters, and traffic risk levels. The results showed that aggressive driving behavior, traffic conflicts, and speed variability risk were differently manifested in the approach, entrance, transition, and exit segments. The proportion of the transition section, entrance section and approach section with TRI above higher risk during daytime is 53.49%, 50.56%, and 43.11% respectively. At night, the proportion of the transition section and departure section with TRI above higher risk is 40.99% and 37.62% respectively. The correlation analysis of the TRI levels and influencing factors revealed that being at higher risk has a strong correlation rule with the transition section, large speed difference, and more stable speed. In the association rule analysis, when the antecedents include two characteristics of unstable speed and excessive speed difference, there is a strong correlation with the high-risk and relatively high-risk levels.
当交通流处于稳定状态时,车辆间的相对位置和速度保持一定的关系,交通流呈现有序特征。当交通流稳定性较低时,车辆之间的相对速度和位置变化较大,增加了因距离过近或速度差异较大而导致的碰撞风险。研究表明[19],高风险水平及较高的事故频次与交通流平均速度离散程度、速度变异系数(Coefficient of speed variation,CSV)显著相关。变异系数越大,表明车辆速度离散程度越大,交通运行状态越不稳定,碰撞风险越大。
基于激进驾驶行为和速度变化特性,Yao等[18]提出交通安全风险替代指标——交通秩序指数(Traffic order index,TOI)用于评价道路的安全性和顺畅性。交通事故数多且事故持续时间长的路段交通秩序指数较低。在此基础上,本文综合考虑激进驾驶行为、交通冲突及速度变异性,提出交通风险指数(Traffic risk index,TRI),以此进行交通风险评估。此外,随分析时段变化的动态权重可以较好地反映相关指标特征,依据式(6)~(15)计算各时间周期内的指标权重,该周期下各道路单元交通风险指数TRI计算公式如下:
HuLi-wei, ChenZheng, ZhangTing. Study on car-following characteristics and safety based on extra-long expressway tunnel section in plateau area[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2018, 35(1):112-120.
WuLing, HuHao, ZhaoWei-hua, et al. Behavior risk characteristics of drivers in extra-long higuway tunnel based on safe speed difference[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2019, 39(10): 1636-1646.
HuLi-wei, YinYu, LiuZe, et al. Safety analysis of expressway tunnel entrance transition section based on speed characteristics[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2021, 21(6): 2407-2414.
WangChao-jie. Analysis on traffic safety of jinjiazhuang super long spiral tunnel based on simulated driving method[J]. Northern Communications, 2021(8): 79-81.
LiJia, GongRui-ming, LiJie, et al. Traffic safety evaluation method of bridge tunnel junction section of expressway based on traffic simulation[J]. Journal of Chang'an University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 43(4): 82-94.
WangHai-xiao, LiYong-xiang, DingXu, et al. Traffic safety prediction of urban underpass tunnel vehicles based on edge intelligence[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2022, 52(6): 1337-1343.
ZhangChi, WangBo, YangKun, et al. Driving risk evaluation method on the short distance section between the tunnel and interchange on freeways[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2023, 23(6): 1739-1751.
RuiHong-rui, WuJia-bao, HuLi-wei. Driving risk assessment of highway tunnel entrances based on extended cloud model[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information, 2023, 21(2): 55-65.
HuYu-cong, WeiHu, ZengQiang. Analysis of freeway crash severity based on spatial generalized ordered Probit model[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 51(1): 114-122.
GuoMiao, ZhaoXiao-hua, YaoYing, et al. Study on accident risk based on driving behavior and traffic operating status[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 50(9): 29-38.
WangJian-yu, ChenXian-tian, JiaoPeng-peng, et al. Interactive effect on traffic accident severity considering built environment[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2024, 24(2): 272-280.
YuanZhen-zhou, GuoMan-ze, PengYong-xin, et al. Risk recognition of older pedestrian traffic crashes based on XGB-apriori algorithm[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2022, 22(1): 195-208.
LiZhen-jiang, WanLi, ZhouShi-rui, et al. Dynamic estimation of operational risk of tunnel traffic flow based on deep temporal convolutional networks[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(4): 1336-1345.
[31]
PeiboZ, ChrisL. Assessing rear-end collision risk of cars and heavy vehicles on freeways using a surrogate safety measure[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2018(13): 149-158.
[32]
WangJun-hua, FuTing. TJRD TS[EB/OL].[2024-05-23].
[33]
YaoYing, ZhaoXiao-hua, ZhangYun-long, et al. Development of urban road order index based on driving behavior and speed variation[J]. Transportation Research Board, 2019, 2673(7): No.466.
[34]
CaiQing, Abdel-AtyM, YuanJing-hui, et al. Real-time crash prediction on expressways using deep generative models[J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2020, 117: No.102697.