Aiming at the problem of few samples in the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery, a fault diagnosis method for planetary gearboxes based on a diffusion model is proposed. The time-frequency diagrams of fault samples are used as the representation of fault features for fault classification. Firstly, the continuous wavelet transform is used to convert the one-dimensional vibration signals of the gearbox into time-frequency diagrams as training samples. Secondly, the diffusion model is optimized and improved to enable it to fully learn the fault features of the training samples and generate high-quality fault samples. Finally, a classifier based on a dense convolutional network is constructed, which combines the attention mechanism to enhance the performance of the classifier. The performance of the classifier is tested using a test set containing multiple fault types. The results show that the diagnostic accuracy of the proposed method is close to that under the condition of sufficient samples, reaching over 99%, and experimental comparisons with existing methods have been carried out. In addition, ablation experiments on the optimization settings of the wavelet transform method and the classifier are conducted to verify their effectiveness.
基于改进扩散模型与DenseNet的诊断方法整体框架如图1所示:分为小波变换数据预处理、多个样本训练的单图扩散模型(Learning a diffusion model from a single natural image, Sindiffusion)及样本生成、分类器模型构建和故障诊断与分类4部分。
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