In order to alleviate the pressure of urban transportation, in order to further improve the transportation efficiency. This paper designs evaluation indexes according to the theory of complex transportation network nodes, combines the multi-objective decision-making method of hierarchical analysis (AHP-RatioMOORA), ranks the importance of subway stations and calculates the weights, and selects the location of subway logistics and distribution hubs according to the importance. In order to solve the traditional optimization algorithm in the complex constraints there are convergence difficulties, global search can be poor, this paper through the A* algorithm to improve the structure, the establishment of a modular optimization algorithm, the subway truck express intermodal task analysis modeling, combined with a variety of constraints of the improvement of the objective function of the task of the case study analysis. The results of the case study show that the method proposed in this paper has a significant improvement compared with other optimization algorithms in the subway truck express intermodal transport task, the shortest logistics transportation distance after optimization is reduced by 13.21% on average, the logistics order completion time is shortened by 11.73% on average, and the algorithm running time is shortened by 24.79% on average.
近年来,为了缓解城市的货运压力,基于地铁的地下物流系统(Metro-Underground logistics system M-ULS)[1]受到了国内外学者的广泛关注。Dampier等[2]在国际会议上提出了利用地铁进行客货混运的理念;钱七虎[3]借鉴国外优秀经验,提出了可通过地铁解放城市货运压力,建设地下物流系统格局;He等[4]正式提出利用轨道交通建设完善新型城市物流配送系统,并设计了城市物流配送系统的具体框架,将信息管理中心、货运中心、轨道交通、配送人员巧妙合理相结合;Kikuta等[5]提出了将传统地面货运车辆与地铁物流结合,相互配合共同运输的系统方案,并进行了试点检测;周芳汀等[6]以最短配送时间为主要目的,在考虑列车时刻表和客户时间窗的同时,构建了基于随机变邻域搜索算法的地铁配送网络;聂闻聪等[7]提出了一种“灌溉”概念的单向城市轨道配送模式,可以大幅度减少配送时间,同时还利用聚类及遗传算法对配送点的选址优化求解,构建了城市配送选址模型;舒达等[8]采用双边匹配理论,构建了城市多级配送的选址-路径优化模型,能在最小化物流成本的同时,尽可能提高选址满意度。
虽然紧密中心性、卡兹中心性、度中心性和距离指标都可以被用来表示地铁网络中的地铁站点重要性,但这些指标都只单一反应了地铁站点的某一方面。为了更加全面地评估地铁站点的重要性,本文使用多目标决策方法(Multi objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis,MOORA)[23]。MOORA是一种多目标优化方法,常被用于系统工程中解决多个决策目标求解问题。通过构建备选对象的决策矩阵,按照一定的优先逻辑帮助决策者选出最合适的对象。本文使用RatioMOORA来结合这4个指标对其重要性进行排序,计算公式如下:
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