The different routes traffic flow was calculated and the travel cost function of the expressway was established through analyzing the operation expenditure of expressway and the travel choice willingness of truck drivers. The function is a two-level optimization model, and the upper layer planning selects the idea of road network managers pursuing maximizing the surplus of the network users and takes the financial indexes of the road operating enterprises as the constraints condition, the lower layer planning chooses the user equilibrium model under elastic demand to describe the travel choice behavior of road users. The genetic simulated annealing algorithm was used to solve the model. Finally, using the example verifies that the optimization scheme proposed by the thesis can improve the truck flow of the highway by 20.67%, and the toll revenue is improved by 5.88%, and the truck toll fee is reduced by 135600 yuan/day. It shows that the differentiated optimization of truck charging scheme researched in the thesis has a good application effect in practical implementation.
考虑到此类离散网络设计的双层规划问题属于典型的NP-hard问题,且下层模型有关非线性约束条件的存在易导致出现局部最优解。因此,本章节选用遗传-模拟退火混合算法(GASA算法)对整体模型进行求解,下层模型选用相继平均法(Method of successive averages,MSA)进行求解。针对前文所提出的高速公路货车费率优化的双层规划模型,具体计算求解步骤如下所示。
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