Based on the global positioning system (GPS) trajectory data of taxis in Beijing and the map matching function of ArcGIS, appropriate threshold values were selected, a taxi travel information database was constructed, and the travel characteristics of taxis were analyzed. Firstly, a taxi travel network was built, and spatial and temporal distribution features of travel trajectories were analyzed using kernel density and hot spot analysis methods, revealing the changing trend of taxi travel density during peak hours. Then, considering the impact of land use on taxi travel distribution, a dual-constraint population weight opportunity model based on land use was established to predict taxi travel distribution. The results show that the model improves the prediction accuracy of taxi inter-district travel, with the root mean square error reduced from 4.54 trips to 4.41 trips, and the similarity between the predicted results and actual data improved from 0.961 to 0.970. The average relative error in the number of trips decreased from 0.48% to 0.19%.
此外,部分学者考虑不同因素构建了不同角度的出行分布预测模型。Simini等[5]结合人类空间移动特性提出了辐射模型,显著提高了预测精度。Riccardo等[6]通过分析意大利地区2%的私家车GPS数据,发现两次出行之间的时间分布存在规律,研究了平均访问频率的排名分布并提出简单的随机模型。Peng等[7]对上海市的出租车GPS轨迹数据进行分析,也得到类似的结果。Ren等[8]提出基于成本的人类移动性辐射模型,并用美国人口普查和公路交通数据证实了该模型。Zhao等[9]选取3类典型大规模数据集构建随机游走模型,模型同时纳入3类影响因素:回访偏好、惯性效应和对新地点的探索。Yan等[10]将记忆效应和人口数量相结合建立一个通用模型,并基于人口分布准确预测人类的流动性。Liu等[11]提出一个普遍机会模型,考虑探索性倾向和谨慎性倾向,并且涵盖经典的辐射模型和机会优先选择模型。基于城际游客客源地分布规律较为相近的特性,陶思然等[12]将旅游偏好变量引入基本重力模型中构建城际客运出行分布预测模型。马健霄等[1]研究发现,土地利用混合度在早晚高峰时段对网约车和出租车的出行需求影响显著。陈启香等[13]将土地利用属性作为特征变量,研究了出租车与地铁的竞争合作关系。邢雪等[14]根据兴趣点(Point of interest,POI)的类型划定载客热点区域的类型。
MaJian-xiao, ZhaoFei-yan, YinChao-ying, et al. Spatial-temporal heterogeneity effects of built environ-ment and taxi demand on ride-hailing demand[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2023, 23(5): 136-145.
[3]
JiangB, YinJ, ZhaoS. Characterizing the human mobility pattern in a large street network[J]. Physical Review E: Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, 2009, 80(2): No.021136.
[4]
BazzaniA, GiorginiB, RambaldiS, et al. Stati-stical laws in urban mobility from micro-scopic GPS data in the area of Florence[J]. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2010, 2010(5): No.P05001.
[5]
LiangX, ZhengX, LvW, et al. The scaling of human mobility by taxis is exponential[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2012, 391(5): 2135-2144.
[6]
SiminiF, GonzálezM C, MaritanA, et al. A universal model for mobility and migration patterns[J]. Nature, 2012, 484(7392): 96-100.
[7]
RiccardoG, ArmandoB, SandroR. Towards a statistical physics of human mobility[J]. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2012, 23(9): No.1250061.
[8]
PengC, JinX, WongK, et al. Collective human mobility pattern from taxi trips in urban area[J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(4): No.e34487.
[9]
RenY, Ercsey-RavaszM, WangP, et al. Predicting commuter flows in spatial networks using a radiation model based on temporal ranges[J]. Nature Communications, 2014, 5(1): No.5347.
[10]
ZhaoZ, YangZ, ZhangZ, et al. Emergence of sca ling in human-interest dynamics[J]. Scientific Reports, 2013, 3(1): No.3472.
[11]
YanX, WangW, GaoZ, et al. Universal model of individual and population mobility on diverse spatial scales[J]. Nature Communications, 2017, 8(1): No.1639.
[12]
LiuE, YanX. A universal opportunity model for human mobility[J]. Scientific Reports, 2020, 10(1): 4657.
TaoSi-ran, YeXia-fei. A forecasting model of intercity trip distribution with tourism preference[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2021, 21(4): 140-147.
ChenQi-xiang, LvBin, ChenXi-qun, et al. Impacts of built environment on competition and cooperation relationship between taxi and subway considering spatial heterogeneity[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2022, 22(3): 25-35.
XingXue, WangFei, LiJia-nan. Cab fixed parking area delineation method combining passenger hotspot and POI data[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Infor- mation Science Edition), 2024, 42(1): 93-99.
[19]
XiaoZ, WuL, JiangH, et al. Exploring intercity mobility in urban agglomeration: Evidence from private car trajectory data[J]. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 2024, 11(2): 2940-2954.
[20]
DengJ, CuiY, ChenX, et al. Who are on the road? a study on vehicle usage characteristics based on one-week vehicle trajectory data[J]. International Journal of Digital Earth, 2023, 16(1): 1962-1984.