To promote the low-carbon transformation of urban transportation, the carbon emission reduction benefits of carpooling were returned to passengers in the form of price discounts, so as to incentivize the ride-sharing behavior in ride‑hailing services. Based on prospect theory, passenger carpooling willingness under the incentive strategy was modeled. A carpooling matching model incorporating incentive mechanisms was developed, with two objective functions: maximizing the platform's total profit and maximizing passengers' generalized travel cost savings. The model accounts for multi-passenger carpooling, platform profitability, and time window constraints were solved using an optimization approach. A case study was conducted using real-world operational data from ride-hailing services in Xiamen City. From the perspectives of both passengers and the platform, the impact of the incentive strategy on passengers' generalized travel cost, platform profitability, and carbon emission reduction are analyzed. The results indicate that the incentive strategy has a positive significance in promoting passengers to shift from non-carpooling to carpooling. A platform-optimized strategy maximizes the carbon emission reduction but may lead to excessive detours for passengers. A fare discount rate of approximately 0.40 is found to be optimal, effectively promoting multi-passenger ride-sharing while balancing the interests of both passengers and the platform.
本文设计的激励策略重点关注整体路网层面因合乘产生的碳排放总量差异,因此选择宏观角度下基于平均速度的道路交通排放计算模型(Computer programme to calculate emissions from road transport,COPERT)测算碳减排总量。网约车在服务订单过程中累积产生的碳排放量通常与订单的服务距离成正比,在节约了已知网约车平台合乘模式下的车辆行驶总里程后,平台碳减排总量为:
LiW X, WangL, PuZ Y, et al. What determines the real-world CO2 emission reductions of ridesplitting trips?[J]. Travel Behaviour and Society, 2024, 35: No.100734.
JiaHong-fei, ShaoZi-han, YangLi-li. Ride-sharing matching model and algorithm of online car-hailing under condition of uncertain destination[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2022, 52(3): 564-571.
[4]
XiaoL L, LiuT L, HuangH J. On the morning commute problem with carpooling behavior under parking space constraint[J]. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2016, 91: 383-407.
Rey-MerchanM, FernandezV, Lopez-ArquillosA, et al. Carpooling for sustainable commuting: a review[C]//Universidad de Malaga, Guimaraes, Portugal, 2022: 144-146.
[8]
HuS, DessoukyM M, UhanN A, et al. Cost-sharing mechanism design for ride-sharing[J]. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2021, 150: 410-434.
LiXing-hua, FengFei-yu, ChengCheng, et al. Choice preference analysis and modeling of ridesplitting service[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2022, 52(3): 578-584.
LiZhen-dong, GuoMin. Pricing strategies of ride-hailing platforms considering travelers' low-carbon preferences[J]. Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition), 2023, 44(1): 8-15.
[13]
李振东. 考虑平台补贴的网约车平台定价研究[D]. 太原: 中北大学经济与管理学院, 2023.
[14]
LiZhen-dong. Research on pricing of online car-hailing platform considering platform subsidy[D]. Taiyuan: School of Economics and Management of North University of China, 2023.
[15]
ShenB, CaoB, ZhaoY, et al. Roo: Route planning algorithm for ride sharing systems on large-scale road networks[C]//2019 IEEE International Conference on Big Data and Smart Computing, Kyoto, Japan, 2019: 1-8.
ChenLin. Modeling analysis the travel choice behavior based on mental accounting[D]. Chengdu:School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, 2017.
[18]
TverskyA, KahnemanD. Advances in prospect theory: cumulative representation of uncertainty[J]. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 1992, 5(4): 297-323.
[19]
ChengJ H, WangZ, ZhouH Y, et al. DM-SLAM: a feature-based SLAM system for rigid dynamic scenes[J]. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 2020, 9(4): No.202.
[20]
ChenJ Q, PengD P, LiuZ W. A sustainable model for forecasting carbon emission trading prices[J]. Sustainability, 2024, 16(19): No. 8324.
GuoMai-ju, LiXing, LeiYing, et al. The value of time: an empirical study on a ride-sharing platform[J]. Journal of Marketing Science, 2021, 1(2): 39-59.