As a clean and renewable energy source, wind energy has been extensively promoted globally. However, the issue of wind turbine blade icing has severely impacted the safe operation and efficiency of the equipment. Existing blade icing detection algorithms are prone to being affected by data imbalance or noise, leading to reduced accuracy. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a precise and efficient ice detection algorithm to mitigate operational risks. In this paper, we propose an ice detection algorithm for wind turbine blades based on a dual-channel temporal feature fusion network. First, we preprocess Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) data and apply feature engineering to SCADA data. Secondly, a detection model combining Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) and attention mechanism is proposed. LSTM is used to fully learn the time dependence of fan state, and the attention mechanism is used to dynamically adjust the weights of different time steps. Finally, a blade ice detection algorithm based on dual channel temporal feature fusion network is proposed. Dynamic trends of features over time can be captured. Multi-head attention mechanism is introduced to enhance feature interaction. The experimental results show that: compared with other algorithms, the detection accuracy of the proposed algorithm is improved by 10%-15%. It has good performance in the ice detection of fan blades.
对于此问题,学者们也提出了很多检测方法。Jiang等[5]提出了时空注意力模型,结合门控循环单元和卷积神经网络提取时空特征;Guo等[7]采用卷积长短时记忆网络提取时间特征,并结合Transformer网络增强多维时间序列的学习能力,同时使用粒子群优化算法进行超参数优化,以提高模型检测性能[6]。Tian W等提出了一个多层卷积递归神经网络,结合了卷积神经网络和长短期记忆,并使用离散小波分解来从时域和频域中提取增强特征;Chen等[8]提出了结合时序模式注意力和双向GRU的深度学习框架,并采用改进的Coot算法优化超参数,用于处理数据不平衡问题;Jiang等[9]提出了多任务时空注意力网络,通过时空注意力机制提取采集与监视控制系统(Supervisory control and data acquisition,SCADA)数据中的重要特征,并结合深度度量学习和分类学习任务以增强特征的辨别能力;Wang等[10]算利用时空注意力Siamese网络,结合图注意力网络和门控递归单元,实现高效的少样本学习,解决了有限标签传感器数据的问题。
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