To address the inadequate performance of traditional sound barriers, two bionic sound barrier panels were designed based on the armadillo shell and honeycomb structure as prototypes. The performance of these panels was studied and analyzed through simulation and validated by field testing. The results indicate that the sound insulation performance of the bionic sound barrier panels significantly surpasses that of traditional steel panels. Specifically, the sound insulation of the bionic armadillo shell sound barrier panel reaches 37.711 dB, an increase of 38.1%. Furthermore, in this paper a parametric design was conducted on the height of the protrusions and the overall thickness of the bionic sound barrier panels. Field tests date show that the insertion loss of the bionic sound barrier is 23.3 dB, which is an improvement of 50.3% over traditional sound barriers. This design achieves a balance between sound insulation performance, mechanical performance, and cost, providing a new design concept and research method for highway sound barrier panels.
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