辽宁省丹东市五龙金矿区深部地质结构及矿体预测

Deep Geological Structure and Ore Body Prediction in Wulong Gold Mining District, Dandong City, Liaoning Province

摘要

五龙金矿地处辽吉古元古代金多金属成矿带内,是丹东五龙-四道沟金矿集区的典型大型矿床之一.本文在矿床地质特征及成矿控制因素研究的基础上,根据大比例尺重磁数据地质解译和音频大地电磁法数据反演,构建矿区深部三维地质结构,结合地球化学成矿因子异常及矿体赋存规律,提取找矿标志并圈定深部矿体预测区.结果表明:五龙金矿矿化以石英脉型为主,薄脉细脉构造蚀变岩型次之,北北东南北向断裂构造、北西向断裂构造及早白垩世岩浆侵入为关键控矿因素,矿体具有成群成带、等间距、浅部分支深部复合的分布规律;早白垩世花岗闪长岩侵入中-晚侏罗世黑云母花岗岩引起的高磁性地质体为成矿地质体;硅化、绢云母化等围岩蚀变为地质找矿标志;代表金主要成矿阶段的成矿因子F₁(Ag-Pb-Zn-As-Sb-Hg-Au)、F₂(Au-Bi-W)的异常范围为地球化学标志;高磁性地质体、重力高密度体及其内部和边缘的断裂构造、低阻高极化电性地质体为地球物理标志.研究确定矿区深部成矿构造和成矿地质体仍然发育,结合已知矿体特征,圈定7处找矿靶区.

Abstract

The Wulong gold mine is located in the Liao-Ji Paleoproterozoic gold polymetallic mineralization belt, and is one of the typical large-scale deposits within the Dandong Wulong-Sidaogou gold mineralization catchment area. In this study, based on the geological characteristics of the deposit and its ore-controlling factors, we constructed a deep three-dimensional geological structure model by integrating geological interpretation of large-scale gravity and magnetic data with inversion of the geodetic-audio-electromagnetic (GEM) data. Combined with geochemical anomalies of mineralization elements and the spatial distribution patterns of ore bodies, we extracted prospecting criteria and delineated target zones for deep ore bodies in the mining area. The study shows that mineralization in the Wulong gold mine is mainly of quartz vein type, with minor vein-fine vein tectonic alteration rock type. The NNE-to NS-trending fractures, NW-trending fractures, and Early Cretaceous magmatic intrusions are the key ore-controlling factors. The ore bodies exhibit a clustered and belt-like distribution with equal spacing, and the upper parts branch while merging in the lower part. The highly magnetic geological body, caused by the intrusion of Early Cretaceous granodiorite into the Middle and Late Jurassic biotite granite, represents the ore-forming geological body. Silicification and sericitization are the main wall-rock alteration indicators for prospecting. The anomalous range of mineralization factors F₁ (Ag-Pb-Zn-As-Sb-Hg-Au) and F₂ (Au-Bi-W), which represent the main stages of gold metallogenesis, serve as geochemical prospecting indicators. Geophysical indicators include high-magnetic geological bodies, gravity highs, and fracture structures within and along their margins, as well as low-resistivity and high-polarization electrical anomalies. The study determines that deep ore-forming structures and ore-forming geologic bodies are still active in the mining area. In combination with the characteristics of known ore bodies, we propose seven target zones for further exploration.

关键词

深部地质结构 / 成矿地质体 / 成矿构造 / 矿化富集规律 / 矿体预测 / 五龙金矿 / 辽宁丹东市

Key words

deep geological structure / ore-forming geological body / ore-forming structure / mineralization enrichment law / ore body prediction / Wulong gold mine / Dandong city, Liaoning

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基金资助

企业联合科研基金(WLKJ202210002)

中国地质调查局项目(DD20190159)