精索静脉曲张对精子DNA碎片率的影响

Effect of varicocele on sperm DNA fragmentation rate

摘要

精索静脉曲张（VC）是男性生殖系统最常见的血管性病变，严重影响男性的生育力，其病理生理机制目前尚未明确。随着病程进展，VC可引发一系列睾丸功能障碍，包括睾丸体积缩小、生精上皮损伤以及下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能紊乱，最终导致男性不育，其中对精子DNA的影响近年来引起广泛关注，可导致精子DNA片段断裂，完整性降低。本文重点阐述VC对男性精子DNA碎片率的影响，为进一步探讨VC导致男性不育的发病机制及未来治疗提供一定理论依据。

Abstract

Varicocele (VC) is the most common vascular disorder of the male reproductive system and has a significant impact on male fertility, although its exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. As the disease progresses, VC can lead to a series of testicular dysfunctions, including reduced testicular volume, damage to the seminiferous epithelium, and disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, ultimately resulting in male infertility. In recent years, its impact on sperm DNA has attracted widespread attention, as VC can induce sperm DNA fragmentation and reduce DNA integrity. This review aims to elucidate the effects of VC on sperm DNA fragmentation rates and provide a theoretical foundation for further exploration of the pathogenesis of VC-induced male infertility and potential future treatments.

关键词

精索静脉曲张 / 精子 / DNA碎片率

Key words

varicocele / sperm / DNA fragmentation rate

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基金资助

宣城市卫生健康科研项目(XCWJ2025041)