As a novel communication device, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is expected to play a key role in data collection, monitoring and applications in the Internet of Things (IoT). To ensure the timeliness of the collected data, this paper employs the Age of Information (AoI) to measure the freshness of the data received by the UAV from IoT devices. This paper jointly optimizes the UAV’s trajectory and UAV-devices association to minimize the weighted sum of AoI and ensure that the cumulative flight energy consumption of the UAV meets the energy budget requirement. Because the problem is confined by both short-term and long-term constraints, the problem is modeled as a constrained Markov decision process (CMDP) and solved by the Safe Actor-Critic approach. The simulation results show that our proposed scheme can effectively decrease AoI while guaranteeing the energy requirement.
由于无人机的灵活性、机动性和低成本,其在物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)网络中实时应用发挥着关键作用,如智能交通[1]、灾难救援[2]、野火预防[3]等。在这些应用程序中,要求将IoT设备生成的实时数据尽可能新鲜地传递给接收器。例如,智能交通中复杂的数据和过时数据可能会导致错误的操作,甚至造成灾难性的后果[4]。因此,保证接受数据的及时性对无人机辅助物联网网络至关重要。信息年龄(Age of Information,AoI)是一种有效的性能指标,其定义为自生成接收器的最新更新以来经过的时间量[5],其中最新收到的数据包的年龄值较小,因此,可以通过最小化AoI来保证接收数据的时效性。
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