To identify the impact energy of composite materials efficiently, an impact energy classification method based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor and wavelet packet energy was proposed. Firstly, the impact load test system was built with the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) lamellar structure as the experimental object, and the grid area of the composite plate was divided. The FBG sensor was implanted inside the composite plate to establish the strain-temperature sensor network. By adjusting the height of the drop hammer, the impact loading experiments of 5, 10 and 15 J CFRP plates were carried out. In the experiment system, the impact signal was collected and converted into a strain signal by the FBG sensor. Then, the response signal data is decomposed by wavelet packet transformation, and the energy ratio of each frequency band is calculated. At the same time, the ultrasonic damage analysis of the composite plate after the impact load was carried out to verify that the structural damage degree caused by different energy impacts was different. Finally, according to the energy ratio of the frequency band, the classification characteristics of the impact energy were screened to realize the division of different impact energies, and the verification was carried out. The experimental results show that this method has simple calculation steps and an energy classification accuracy of 88.9%, which has certain engineering application value.
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