The rotor system is affected by load, lubrication, and working environment, and the collected vibration signals are mixed with a lot of noise, which makes it difficult to extract rotor fault features. Therefore, an adaptive sequential variational mode decomposition-Boltzmann Shannon interaction entropy (SVMD-BSIE) differential spectrum combined method for fault signal noise reduction and feature extraction of the rotor system is proposed. Firstly, taking energy entropy as a fitness function, the equilibrium parameter Alpha in sequential variational mode decomposition (SVMD) is optimized by the sparrow search algorithm combining sine-cosine and cauchy mutation (SCSSA) to get the best parameter of SVMD. The signal is decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMF). Secondly, the BSIE differential spectrum auto-select modal component reconstruction signal is constructed by using BSIE entropy and is based on itself. Finally, the simulation and rotor experiment data are verified and compared with other methods. The results show that the SNR of the proposed method is 19.914 6 dB, and the mean square error is 0.1942. Compared with the particle swarm optimization-variational mode decomposition-multiscale permutation entropy (PSO-VMD-MPE) method, the SNR is increased by 30.69%, the mean square error is reduced by 34.35%, and the noise reduction performance is superior. Compared with the improved singular value decomposition method, the synthesized axis locus image is clearer, and the rotor fault information is preserved to the maximum extent while noise reduction, which has good application value.
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