To overcome the limitations of current water injection methods for detecting washing machine leaks and enhance the measurement efficiency of whole-machine sealing, a novel air-driven leak detection scheme based on direct pressure testing technology was proposed. A test chamber fixture and seals tailored to the internal dimensions of the detergent box are innovatively designed. Based on the STM32F1 microcontroller, the collection and preprocessing of air pressure analog signals were carried out for controlling the airtightness testing process. A denoising method based on moving average and wavelet analysis was introduced during the preprocessing stage, and the required frequency band characteristics were extracted using Fast Fourier Transform. Multi-aperture simulated leak tests demonstrated that the frequency amplitudes remained at the lowest levels within the 0.120~0.963 Hz band when no leaks were present. A leak determination criterion was established based on the low-frequency characteristics of the signal, and the reliability of the proposed method and criterion was verified through leak detection tests on multiple washing machines at a factory.
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