To address the problems of weak anti-interference capability and low real-time performance in PCB board wire sequence identification and fault detection, an adaptive wire sequence identification and detection algorithm based on the Gaussian mixture model is proposed. High-quality images are obtained through image acquisition and image preprocessing; the Gaussian pyramid template matching algorithm is used to achieve rapid positioning of color feature regions and extract the color features of all pixel points of the wire harness; the unsupervised learning algorithm based on the Gaussian mixture model with the EM algorithm is applied for wire sequence color classification. The experimental results show that the average time consumed for the wire harness positioning of the system is 9.7 ms, and the time consumed for the color classification experiment is 13.6 ms, which meets the real-time requirements of industrial detection. The designed system can realize rapid and adaptive positioning of the wire harness, accurately identify the color of the wire sequence, and accurately distinguish faulty wire harnesses.
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