Aiming at the problems of low estimation accuracy and large amount of computation in the estimation of the Direction of Arrival (DOA) of vector hydrophone array signals, this paper proposes an Improved Secretary bird Optimization Algorithm (IMSBOA) for maximum likelihood DOA estimation. IMSBOA adopts four strategies to improve the Secretary Bird Optimization Algorithm(SBOA). During population initialization, the best point set strategy is used for improvement, which can obtain an initial population solution more evenly in the search space and improve population diversity. Introducing a subtraction average based optimizer and Cauchy strategy during location updates can expand the search range and escape from local optima. The golden sine strategy is introduced to search for the optimal position continuously, which improves the estimation accuracy of the algorithm. IMSBOA is applied to the maximum likelihood DOA estimation, and the experimental results show that compared with the maximum likelihood DOA estimation methods of Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), Optical Microscope Algorithm (OMA) and Secretary Bird Optimization Algorithm (SBOA), the maximum likelihood DOA estimation of IMSBOA has faster convergence speed, higher estimation accuracy, less computation and better robustness.
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