State Key Laboratory of Extreme Environment Optoelectronic Dynamic Measurement Technology and Instrument,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China
A wireless power transfer system is designed to address energy supply challenges in capsule endoscopy. Biological safety is ensured by incorporating specific absorption rate (SAR) and retained power as dual constraints. On the transmitter side, a one-dimensional Helmholtz coil with a diameter of 20 cm was designed. Through theoretical calculation and simulation analysis, the design parameters were optimized under the SAR constraints. A full-bridge inverter circuit was employed to drive the coil at 218 kHz, ultimately achieving stable excitation of a highly uniform magnetic field. On the receiver side, a three-dimensional orthogonal coil structure measuring Φ10.14 mm×15.2 mm was designed. With the goal of maximizing received power, its design parameters were optimized under the power deposition constraints. Furthermore, the induced electromotive force was regulated through rectification and voltage stabilization stages, thereby maximizing the received power. Experimental validation confirms the system safely sustains 450 mW LED illumination or drives dual micro-motors (20.41 mN·m torque, 40 r/min) while maintaining SAR compliance. The proposed system offers a reliable technical framework for wireless energy transfer in capsule endoscopic applications.
BegumH, SheikhK, KumarM, et al. International cancer burden analysis 2020-2024: GLOBOCAN-derived estimates of incidence and mortality for 30 malignancies in 190 geographic regions[J]. American Journal of BioMedicine, 2025, 13(1): 1-18.
[2]
AkpunonuB, HummellJ, AkpunonuJ D, et al. Capsule endoscopy in gastrointestinal disease: evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment[J]. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 2022, 89(4): 200-211.
[3]
CartaR, ThonéJ, PuersR. A wireless power supply system for robotic capsular endoscopes[J]. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2010, 162(2): 177-183.
[4]
BasarM R, AhmadM Y, ChoJ, et al. An improved wearable resonant wireless power transfer system for biomedical capsule endoscope[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018, 65(10): 7772-7781.
[5]
ZhuangH, WangW, YanG. Ferrite concentrating and shielding structure design of wireless power transmitting coil for inductively coupled capsule robot[J]. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, 2023, 17(1): 45-53.
[6]
GaoJ, TianS, YuanC, et al. Design and optimization of a novel double-layer Helmholtz coil for wirelessly powering a capsule robot[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2024, 39(1): 1826-1839.
[7]
GaoJ, ZhouJ, YuanC, et al. Stable wireless power transmission for a capsule robot with randomly changing attitude[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2023, 38(2): 2782-2796.
[8]
ZhangH, LiZ, LeeC K. Transmitter adaptation and wireless power control for capsule endoscopy[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2024, 39(4): 4884-4894.
[9]
ZhangH, LeeC K, LiZ. Six degrees of freedom tracking and wireless charging for capsule endoscopy[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2025, 72(4): 3643-3652.
[10]
HanD, WenR, YanG, et al. Stable wireless power transfer system for capsule robot using three-dimensional hybrid transmitting coil pairs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2025, 40(6): 8824-8833.
[11]
ZhouY, LiuC, HuangY. Wireless power transfer for implanted medical application: a review[J]. Energies, 2020, 13(11): 2837.
[12]
JiaZ, YanG, LiuH, et al. The optimization of wireless power transmission: design and realization[J]. The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery, 2012, 8(3): 337-347.
ZhangXinghui, HeYu, XuXingke. The mutual inductance of any two coaxial circular coils and the distribution of the magnetic induction line from the system[J]. College Physics, 2007, 26(7): 21-24. (in Chinese)
[15]
StuchlyM A. Electromagnetics in biology and medicine foreword[J]. Radio Science, 1995, 30(1): 149-150.
[16]
朱勇. 电动汽车无线充电系统建模与电磁安全性研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2016: 25.
[17]
ZhuYong. Study on modeling of wireless charging system for electric automotive and electromagnetic safety[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University, 2016: 25. (in Chinese)
[18]
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz)[J]. Health Physics, 1998, 74(4): 494-522.
[19]
高晨. 面向胶囊诊查机器人的无线能量传输技术研究[D]. 太原: 中北大学, 2023: 33.
[20]
GaoChen. Research on wireless power transmission technology for capsule diagnostic robot[D]. Taiyuan:North University of China, 2023: 33. (in Chinese)
[21]
HarrisL R, ZhadobovM, ChahatN, et al. Electromagnetic dosimetry for adult and child models within a car: multi-exposure scenarios[J]. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 2011, 3(6): 707-715.
[22]
KavimandanU D, GaligekereV P, OzpineciB, et al. The impact of inverter dead-time in single-phase wireless power transfer systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2022, 37(1): 1074-1089.
[23]
ZhaoJ, ZhangJ, KangN, et al. A two level finite difference scheme for one dimensional Pennes’ bioheat equation[J]. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2005, 171(1): 320-331.
[24]
GaoJ, YanG, WangZ, et al. A capsule robot powered by wireless power transmission: design of its receiving coil[J]. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2015, 234: 133-142.
[25]
GaoJ, LuC, LiX, et al. Alternating-excitation wireless power transfer for next-generation capsule endoscope[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2026: 1-13.
[26]
CaoQ, DengR, PanY, et al. Robotic wireless capsule endoscopy: recent advances and upcoming technologies[J]. Nature Communications, 2024, 15: 4597.