Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is widely used in the health assessment of complex equipment such as aerospace due to its structural decision-making advantages. However, the traditional AHP usually relies on a fixed scale when constructing the judgment matrix, which is difficult to reflect the dynamic evolution of index weights caused by factors such as performance degradation and operation environment changes in the whole life cycle of equipment, thus affecting the accuracy of the assessment results. Therefore, a multi-level discriminant analysis is proposed based on dynamic update of judgment matrix for health assessment of spacecraft control system. Firstly, compared with the traditional AHP, the influence of degradation rate of performance index and cumulative failure probability to construct the dynamic update model of the judgment matrix is considered in this method. Secondly, in order to enhance the accuracy and stability of the model, the time-varying adjustment parameters are introduced. The optimization problem is solved by establishing the objective function of minimizing the health degree and using the particle swarm optimization algorithm of a dynamic inertia weight strategy, and the adaptive updating of time-varying adjustment parameters is realized. Furthermore, by integrating component-level health information to the system level, the traceability of component health status and overall health status assessment are achieved. Finally, an empirical analysis is conducted using data from a spacecraft control system. The verification results show that the mean square error of the traditional AHP is 0.0438, while the mean square error of the method proposed in this paper is only 0.0081, with an accuracy rate of 95.18%. Compared to AHP, it is improved by 8.14%, effectively enhancing the accuracy of spacecraft control system health assessment and providing a theoretical basis for the health monitoring and management of spacecraft control systems.
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