To address the issue of the technical challenge encountered in the ultrasonic measurement of lubricant film thickness on thin-coated bearings, where overlapping echo signals make it difficult to separate the incident wave and prevent accurate measurement, a measurement model for a four-layer lubricant film was established under a focused acoustic field by introducing a pseudo-reflection coefficient. The film thickness was determined by calculating amplitude and phase information from the ratio of the total reflected wave to the reference wave, which circumvented the difficulties inherent in traditional methods. A finite element model was constructed to analyse the influence of different oil films and coating thicknesses on the measurement results. Subsequently, a test bench was set up, and comparative experiments using multiple methods were conducted. Experimental results indicate that the relative error of this model is less than 5% for oil film thicknesses ranging from 5 μm to 120 μm, and less than 2% for thicknesses exceeding 60 μm. These findings demonstrate the model’s excellent robustness and its ability to effectively enhance the accuracy and stability of thin-film bearing thickness measurements.
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