State Key Laboratory of Extreme Environment Optoelectronic Dynamic Measurement Technology and Instrument,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China
In large-workspace magnetic capsule pose localization, multiple critical challenges in signal inversion are introduced as the scale of the sensor array is increased. These challenges include a reduced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of far-field magnetic signals, mismatch of the dipole model in the near field, and a growing computational burden associated with full-array solving. To address these issues, a region-selection-based WPSO-LM pose estimation method is proposed. Firstly, weighted particle swarm optimization (WPSO) is employed to obtain a coarse localization result from the full-array measurement data. An optimal solving annulus is then constructed around the coarse estimate, with its inner and outer radii determined according to the upper bound of the dipole approximation error and the far-field attenuation law, respectively. In this way, near-field model mismatch is avoided, while sensors with relatively high SNR are retained. Subsequently, k optimal sensors within the annulus are adaptively selected according to their real-time SNRs to form a dynamic subarray, and the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm is applied for accurate real-time pose estimation. Experiments conducted on a six-axis robotic arm platform demonstrate that, within a workspace of 45 cm×35 cm×15 cm, the proposed method achieves an average position error of 1.49 mm, an orientation error of 0.59°, and an update rate of 50.20 Hz.
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